Abstract
Heart failure is a complex syndrome that affects millions of people, and the incidence is rising steeply. The use of biomarkers, and especially the natriuretic peptides, has been increasingly investigated to assist in the care of these patients. Since the discovery of the natriuretic peptides over 30 years ago, significant progress in understanding these molecules has been achieved. The biological effects of the natriuretic peptides consist primarily of fluid balance, vasodilation, and maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis, and the primary trigger of natriuretic peptide release is cardiac myocyte stretch from either volume or pressure overload. Over the last several years, multiple studies have been conducted involving particularly B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) which focused on the utility of both for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of heart failure. These studies have resulted in establishing a crucial role for the natriuretic peptides as an adjunct to clinical assessment of these complicated patients. In addition to their use in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, data continue to emerge regarding their utility in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction as well as for heart failure screening. In the future, measurement of natriuretic peptides will be increasingly useful for personalized care of patients with heart failure and further integrated into routine care of patients with a wide array of related cardiac conditions.
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Abbreviations
- ADHF:
-
Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure
- ANP:
-
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
- BACH:
-
Biomarkers in Acute Heart Failure
- BASEL:
-
B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Acute Shortness of Breath Evaluation
- BATTLESCARRED:
-
NT-proBNP-Assisted Treatment to Lessen Serial Cardiac Readmissions and Death
- BNP:
-
B-type Natriuretic Peptide
- CNP:
-
C-type Natriuretic Peptide
- EF:
-
Ejection Fraction
- GISSI-HF:
-
Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell’Insufficienza Cardiaca–Heart Failure
- HF:
-
Heart Failure
- HFpEF:
-
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
- HFrEF:
-
Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
- IMPROVE-CHF:
-
Improved Management of Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
- LV:
-
Left Ventricle
- MR-proANP:
-
Mid-regional Pro-atrial Natriuretic Peptide
- NT-proBNP:
-
Amino-Terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide
- PRIDE:
-
ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department
- PROTECT:
-
ProBNP Outpatient Tailored Chronic HF Therapy
- RAAS:
-
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System
- STOP-HF:
-
St. Vincent’s Screening to Prevent HF; Natriuretic Peptide-Based Screening and Collaborative Care for Heart Failure
- TIME-CHF:
-
Trial of Intensified Versus Standard Medical Therapy in Elderly Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
- Val-HeFT:
-
Valsartan Heart Failure Trial
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Gandhi, P., Januzzi Jr., J.L. (2014). Natriuretic Peptides for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Management of Heart Failure. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7740-8_12-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7740-8_12-1
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