Zusammenfassung
Der Diabestes mellitus Typ 2 (T2DM), der sogenannte „Altersdiabetes“ wird zunehmend häufiger bei adipösen Jugendlichen beobachtet wird. Der T2DM tritt v. a. bei Afroamerikaner, Hispanier, Asiaten und Indianern und weitaus seltener bei Kaukasiern auf. Die Manifestation des T2DM ist meist asymptomatisch, sodass ein Screening in Risikogruppen wie extreme Adipositas, erstgradige Verwandten mit T2DM, Zeichen einer Insulinresistenz (arterieller Bluthochdruck, Fettstoffwechselstörung, polyzystisches Ovarsyndrom oder Acanthosis nigricans) sinnvoll erscheint. Die Behandlung der Wahl besteht in einer Lebensstilintervention, gefolgt von einer Behandlung mit Metformin. Neue Medikamente sind DPP-IV-Hemmer und GLP-1-Mimetika, welche jedoch für das Jugendalter noch nicht zugelassen sind. Ein großes klinisches Problem stellt fehlende Therapieadhärenz von Jugendlichen mit T2DM dar.
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Reinehr, T., Heinze, E., Wabitsch, M. (2022). Störungen der Glukosetoleranz und Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. In: Wabitsch, M., Hebebrand, J., Kiess, W., Reinehr, T., Wiegand, S. (eds) Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59216-8_23
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