Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) originate from chromosomal fragments or whole chromosomes that fail to be incorporated into daughter nuclei. MN frequency has been extensively used as a biomarker to measure rates of chromosomal damage. By MN test combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the chromosomal contents of the MN can be characterized. The application of FISH probes allows to distinguish MN originating either from chromosome loss or breakage and to determine the involvement of specific chromosomes and chromosome fragments in MN formation. Understanding the MN origin and content using FISH is essential for the proper use of this cytogenetic endpoint.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bolognesi C, Fenech M (2013) Micronucleus assay in human cells: lymphocytes and buccal cells. Methods Mol Biol 1044:191–207
Kirsch-Volders M, Plas G, Elhajouji A et al (2011) The in vitro MN assay in 2011: origin and fate, biological significance, protocols, high throughput methodologies and toxicological relevance. Arch Toxicol 85:873–899
Sabharwal R, Verma P, Syed MA et al (2015) Emergence of micronuclei as a genomic biomarker. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 36:212–218
Boller K, Schmid W (1970) Chemical mutagenesis in mammals: the Chinese hamster bone marrow as an in vivo test system. Hematological findings after treatment with trenimon. Humangenetik 11:35–54
Heddle JA (1973) A rapid in vivo test for chromosomal damage. Mutat Res 18:187–190
Countryman PI, Heddle JA (1976) The production of micronuclei from chromosome aberrations in irradiated cultures of human lymphocytes. Mutat Res 41:321–332
Fenech J, Morley AA (1985) Measurement of micronuclei in lymphocytes. Mutat Res 147:29–36
Norppa H, Falck GC (2003) What do human micronuclei contain? Mutagenesis 18:221–233
Hovhannisyan GG (2010) Fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination with the comet assay and micronucleus test in genetic toxicology. Mol Cytogenet 3:17
Becker P, Scherthan H, Zankl H (1990) Use of a centromere-specific DNA probe (p82H) in nonisotopic in situ hybridization for classification of micronuclei. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2:59–62
Attia SM (2009) Use of centromeric and telomeric DNA probes in situ hybridization for differentiation of micronuclei induced by lomefloxacin. Environ Mol Mutagen 50:394–403
Hovhannisyan G, Aroutiounian R, Liehr T (2012) Chromosomal composition of micronuclei in human leukocytes exposed to mitomycin C. J Histochem Cytochem 60:316–322
Leach NT, Jackson-Cook C (2001) The application of spectral karyotyping (SKY) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technology to determine the chromosomal content(s) of micronuclei. Mutat Res 495:11–19
Balajee AS, Bertucci A, Taveras M et al (2014) Multicolour FISH analysis of ionising radiation induced micronucleus formation in human lymphocytes. Mutagenesis 29:447–455
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Hovhannisyan, G., Harutyunyan, T., Liehr, T. (2017). Micronucleus FISH. In: Liehr, T. (eds) Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52959-1_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52959-1_40
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-52957-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-52959-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols