Zusammenfassung
Der zweite Teil des CME-Artikels Psychopharmaka und Psychopharmakotherapie im Notarztdienst setzt sich mit der Pharmakotherapie psychischer Störungen im Notarztdienst auseinander. Im Gegensatz zum Vorgehen bei somatischen Notfällen ist die Pharmakotherapie psychiatrischer Notfälle vielen Notfallmedizinern häufig nicht ausreichend bekannt, obwohl hierfür ebenfalls Leitlinien und Empfehlungen existieren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden für die 5 notfallmedizinisch relevanten Syndrome Suizidalität, Delir, psychomotorische Erregungszustände, Stupor und Dissoziation sowie psychopharmakainduzierte Syndrome die aktuellen Therapieempfehlungen, wie sie auch in der demnächst erscheinenden S2-Leitlinie Notfallpsychiatrie beschrieben werden, dargestellt.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Wolf A, Müller MJ, Pajonk FG (2013) Psychopharmaka im Notarztdienst. Notfall Rettungsmed 17 [epub ahead ofprint]
Müller MJ, Lange-Asschenfeldt C (2012) Pharmakotherapie psychiatrischer Notfallsituationen.ln: Gründer G, Benkert 0 (Hrsg) Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S11231135
Flüchter P, Müller V, Pajonk FG (2012) Suizidalität: Procedere im Notfall. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfallmed 107(6):469–475
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN) (2010) Therapeutisehe Maßnahmen bei aggressivem Verhalten in der Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. AWMF-Leitlinienregisternummer 038/022. AWMF, Düsseldorf. http://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/038022_S2_Therapeutische_Massnahmen_beLaggressivem_Verhalten_in_der_Psychiatrie_und_Psychotherapie_lang_08-2009_08-2014.pdf. Zugegriffen: 01.07.2013
Benkert 0, Hippius H (2010) Kompendium der psychiatrischen Pharmakotherapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg NewYork
De Fruyt J, Demyttenaere K (2004) Rapid tranquilization: new approaches in the emergency treatment of behavioral disturbanees. Eur Psychiatry 19:243–249
Wilson Mp, Pepper, Currier GW et al (2012) The psychopharmacology of agitation: consensus statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project Beta PsychopharmacologyWorkgroup. West J Emerg Med 13:26–34
Breier A, Meehan K, Birkett Met al (2002) Adouble-blind, placebo-controlled dose-response comparison of intramuscular olanzapine and haloperidol in the treatment of acute agitation in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:441–448
Citrome L, Volavka J, Czobor Pet al (2006) Efficacy of ziprasidone against hostility in schizophrenia: post hoc analysis of randomized, open-label study data. JClin Psychiatry 67:63864–2
Wright P, Birkett M, David SR et al (2001) Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of intramuscular olanzapine and intramuscular haloperidol in the treatment of acute agitation in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 158:1149–1151
Battaglia J, Moss S, Rush Jet al (1997) Haloperidol, lorazepam, or both for psychotic agitation? A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, emergency department study. Am J Emerg Med 15:335–340
Bieniek SA, Ownby RL, Penalver Aet al (1998) Adouble-blind study oflorazepam versus the combination of haloperidol and lorazepam in managing agitation. Pharmacotherapy 18:57–62
Dorevitch A, Katz N, Zemishlany Zet al (1999) Intramuscularflunitrazepam versus intramuscular haloperidol in the emergency treatment of aggressive psychotic behavior. Am J Psychiatry 156:142–144
Foster S, Kessel J, Berman ME et al (1997) Efficacy of lorazepam and haloperidol for rapid tranquilization in a psychiatrie emergency room setting. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 12:175–179
Garza-Trevino ES, Hollister LE, Overall JE et al (1989) Efficacy of combinations of intramuscular antipsychotics and sedative-hypnotics for control of psychotic agitation. Am J Psychiatry 146:1598–1601
Wyant M, Diamond BI, O'neal Eet al (1990) The use of midazolam in acutely agitated psychiatrie patients. Psychopharmacol BuIl26:126–129
Huf G, Alexander J, Allen MH (2005) Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis induced aggression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:CD00514–6
Huf G, Alexander J, Allen MH et al (2009) Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD00514–6
Satterthwaite TD, Wolf DH, Rosenheck RA et al (2008) Ameta-analysis of the risk of acute extrapyramidal symptoms with intramuscular antipsychotics for the treatment of agitation. JClin Psychiatry 69:1869–1879
Dubin WR, Weiss KJ (1986) Rapid tranquilization: acomparison of thiothixene with loxapine. JClin Psychiatry 47:294–297
Allen MH, Feifel D, Lesem MD et al (2011) Efficacy and safety of loxapine for inhalation in the treatment of agitation in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. JClin Psychiatry 72:1313–1321
Kwentus J, Riesenberg RA, Marandi Met al (2012) Rapid acute treatment of agitation in patients with bipolar I disorder: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled c1inical trial with inhaled loxapine. Bipolar Disord 14:31–40
Lesem MD, Tran-Johnson TK, Riesenberg RA et al (2011) Rapid acute treatment of agitation in individuals with schizophrenia: multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled study of inhaled loxapine. Br JPsychiatry 198:51–58
Citrome L (2011) Aerosolised antipsychotic assuages agitation: inhaled loxapine for agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. lnt JClin Pract 65:330–340
Citrome L (2007) Comparison of intramuscular ziprasidone, olanzapine, or aripiprazole for agitation: aquantitative review of efficacy and safety. JClin Psychiatry 68:1876–1885
Currier GW, Citrome LL, Zimbroff DL et al (2007) Intramuscular aripiprazole in the control of agitation. J Psychiatr Pract 13:159–169
Belgamwar RB, Fenton M (2005) Olanzapine IM or velotab for acutely disturbed/agitated people with suspected serious mental illnesses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD00372–9
Alexander J, Tharyan P, Adams Cet al (2004) Rapid tranquillisation of violent or agitated patients in a psychiatrie emergency setting. Pragmatic randomised trial of intramuscular 10razepam v. haloperidol plus promethazine. Br J Psychiatry 185:63–69
Gillies D, Beck A, Mccloud Aet al (2005) Benzodiazepines alone or in combination with antipsychotic drugs for acute psychosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4:CD00307–9
Zisselman MH, Jaffe RL (2010) ECT in the treatment ofa patient with catatonia: consent and complications. Am J Psychiatry 167:127–132
Schmider J, Standhart H, Deuschle Met al (1999) Adouble-blind comparison of lorazepam and oxazepam in psychomotor retardation and mutism. Biol Psychiatry 46:437–441
WetzeI H, Heuser I, Benkert 0 (1988) Benzodiazepines for catatonic symptoms, stupor, and mutism. Pharmacopsychiatry 21 :394–395
Aboraya A, Chumber P, Altaha B (2009) The treatment resistant catatonic patient. Curr Psychiatr 8:66–69
Babington PW, Spiegel DR (2007) Treatment of catatonia with olanzapine and amantadine. Psychosomatics 48:534–536
Kirino E (2010) Prolonged catatonic stupor successfullytreated with aripiprazole in an adolescent male with schizophrenia: acase report. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses 4:18518–8
Peralta V, Campos MS, De Jalon EG et al (2010) DSM-IV catatonia signs and criteria in first-episode, drug-naive, psychotic patients: psychometrie validity and response to antipsychotic medication. Schizophr Res 118:16817–5
Haverkamp W, Deuschle M (2006) Antipsychotikainduzierte QT-Verlangerung. Nervenarzt 77:276, 278280,282–274
JANSSEN-ClLAG GmbH, Neuss (Stand Dezember 2011) Fachinformation Haldol®-Janssen Injektionslösung 5 mg/mI. <http://wwwJachinfo.de>. Zugegriffen 01.07.2013
Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft (2010) Drug Safety Mai12010-098 vom 05.05.2010. Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin
Biedler A, Helfen C, Pajonk FG (2012) Behandlungsbedürftigkeit psychiatrischer Notfälle im Notarztdienst. Evaluierung des "Indikator für psychiatrische Pharmakotherapie". Anaesthesist 61 :116–122
Tonn P, Reuter S, Treder Bet al (2004) Die präklinische Behandlung von akut erregten, deliranten oder psychotischen Patienten durch den Notarzt. Notfall Rettungsmed 7:484–492
Brown TM, Skop Bp, Mareth TR (1996) Pathophysiology and management of the serotonin syndrome. Ann Pharmacother 30:527–533
Kotlyar M, Dysken M, Adson DE (2005) Update on drug-induced depression in the elderly. Am JGeriatr Pharmacother 3:288–300
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wolf, A., Müller, M., Pajonk, FG. (2015). Psychopharmakotherapie im Notarztdienst. In: Dirks, B., Somasundaram, R., Waydhas, C., Zeymer, U. (eds) Weiterbildung Notfallmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46523-3_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46523-3_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-46522-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-46523-3
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)