Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag enthält einen systematischen Überblick zum Konzepte regionaler Innovationssysteme. Anhand von fünf Dimensionen lässt sich analysieren, inwieweit eine Region ein funktionsfähiges Innovationssystem besitzt. Über den vorherrschenden Modus interaktiver Governance, kombiniert mit den Mustern zwischenbetrieblicher Beziehungen, erhält man ein schlüssiges Bild über den Systemcharakter regionaler Innovationen. Einer kritischen Betrachtung werden sodann die europäische und die US-amerikanische Regionalpolitik unterzogen. Wobei der komparative Vorteil Letzterer darauf zurückgeführt wird, dass sie sich stärker auf die Förderung privater Investitionen und Finanzierungskanäle verlässt und somit auch die komparativen institutionellen Vorteile des US-amerikanischen Wirtschaftsmodells mobilisiert. In diesem Sinne werden regionale Varianten kapitalistischer Marktwirtschaften, wie das Silicon Valley-Modell wissensbasierter Unternehmensvernetzung, durch die vorherrschenden nationalen Koordinationsmodelle geprägt. Die Analyse des Verhältnisses institutioneller Architekturen von Innovationssystemen auf unterschiedlichen räumlichen Ebenen verweist auf die Problematik der Komplementarität der institutionellen Komponenten solcher Systeme.
Das englische Original dieses Kapitels erschien unter dem Titel „Regional innovation systems, clusters and the knowledge economy“ in: Industrial and Corporate Change, Bd. 10. 2001. 945–974. Die deutsche Übersetzung besorgten Andreas Meder und Alexander Ebner.
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Notes
- 1.
Anmerkung d. Übers.: die Übersetzung des Zitats erfolgt nach der von Hermann Vetter besorgten deutschen Fassung in Kuhn, Th. S. (1976): Die Struktur wissenschaftlicher Revolutionen, 2. rev. Aufl., Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. 168.
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Cooke, P. (2020). Regionale Innovationssysteme, Cluster und die Wissensökonomie. In: Blättel-Mink, B., Ebner, A. (eds) Innovationssysteme. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22343-4_5
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