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Prostatakarzinom: Kurative Therapie

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Die Urologie

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Etablierte kurative Therapieoptionen des frühen Prostatakarzinoms sind die radikale Prostatektomie, die perkutane Strahlentherapie, die interstitielle Brachytherapie und die aktive Überwachung. Im Gegensatz zum palliativen und symptomorientierten Watchful Waiting wird darunter die genaue Tumorüberwachung mit Hilfe von Kontrollbiopsien in kurativer Absicht auch bei Tumorprogress verstanden. Aussagefähige Ergebnisse randomisierter Studien, die die 4 kurativen Therapieoptionen miteinander vergleichen, liegen noch nicht vor. Die Behandlungsverfahren unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich ihrer Nebenwirkungen. Als adjuvante Therapieverfahren stehen die Androgenentzugstherapie und bei der radikalen Prostatektomie die adjuvante Strahlentherapie zur Verfügung. Die neoadjuvante Hormontherapie hat eine Bedeutung überwiegend bei der perkutanen Strahlentherapie des lokal fortgeschrittenen Prostatakarzinoms. Vor einer radikalen Prostatektomie kommt sie nur im individuellen Sonderfall im Rahmen multimodaler Therapiekonzepte zur Anwendung. Bei rechtzeitiger Anwendung kann eine Salvage-Strahlentherapie einen Teil der Patienten mit einem PSA-Anstieg nach radikaler Prostatektomie (biochemisches Rezidiv) heilen.

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Wirth, M., Fröhner, M., Baumann, M., Hoelscher, T. (2016). Prostatakarzinom: Kurative Therapie. In: Michel, M., Thüroff, J., Janetschek, G., Wirth, M. (eds) Die Urologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39940-4_143

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