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Girls in Juvenile Justice

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Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan

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Abstract

The juvenile justice system serves youth who commit both illegal acts and status offenses. These youth are more likely than their peers to have witnessed and/or survived interpersonal violence. Moreover, cisgender as well as gender-expansive and trans∗ girls enter the justice system with higher rates of mental health and substance abuse challenges (Teplin et al. 2015a), some of them are pregnant or already have children (Sherman, Balck. Gender injustice: system-level juvenile justice reforms for girls. http://www.nationalcrittenton.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Gender_Injustice_Report.pdf, 2015), many of them have been victims of sexual abuse (Saar et al., The sexual abuse to prison pipeline: the girls’ story. Center on poverty and inequality, Georgetown law. https://rights4girls.org/wp-content/uploads/r4g/2015/02/2015_COP_sexual-abuse_layout_web-1.pdf, 2015), and most of them have experienced some type or multiple types of trauma (Baglivio et al., J Juvenile Justice 3:9, 2014; Finkelhor et al., Child Maltreat 14(4):316–329, 2009). This chapter examines the intersectionality of justice-involved girls as well as trends and contributors to the number of girls in the juvenile justice system including mental health and substance abuse; interpersonal, family, and community violence; sexual abuse; sexual assault in justice facilities; human trafficking and sex trafficking; child welfare involvement/crossover youth; trauma; and explicit and implicit bias. Evidence-based recommendations and promising practices are offered to improve gender-responsive programming, recognize intersectionality and reduce group disparities, increase trauma-informed services, abolish prostitution-related offenses for minors, increase diversion opportunities, and reduce reliance on detention and secure placement especially for status and non-violent offenders.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA

    Susan McCarter & James Granberry

  2. Anne and Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA

    David McLeod

  3. Elon University, Elon, NC, USA

    Vanessa Drew

Authors
  1. Susan McCarter
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  2. David McLeod
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  3. Vanessa Drew
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  4. James Granberry
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susan McCarter .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute on Violence, Abuse, and Trauma, San Diego, CA, USA

    Robert Geffner

  2. Department of Psychology College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA

    Jacquelyn W. White

  3. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    L. Kevin Hamberger

  4. Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA

    Alan Rosenbaum

  5. Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA

    Viola Vaughan-Eden

  6. Education and Research, Zero Abuse Project, St. Paul, MN, USA

    Victor I. Vieth

Section Editor information

  1. School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA

    Michael B. Greene

  2. Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

    Robert L. Johnson

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McCarter, S., McLeod, D., Drew, V., Granberry, J. (2022). Girls in Juvenile Justice. In: Geffner, R., White, J.W., Hamberger, L.K., Rosenbaum, A., Vaughan-Eden, V., Vieth, V.I. (eds) Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89999-2_283

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