Glenohumeral Joint Pathology

Abstract

A variety of diseases affect the glenohumeral joint. One of the most common problems is shoulder dislocations, due to its highly mobile nature. Dislocations occur in both the younger and older population in a bimodal distribution.

Is anterior or posterior instability more common?	Anterior
What is TUBS ?	Traumatic unilateral shoulder dislocations , with a Bankart lesion often requiring surgery
What is AMBRI ?	Atraumatic multidirectional bilateral shoulder dislocation often requiring rehabilitation and occasionally requiring inferior capsular shift
What is a Bankart lesion ?	Disruption of the anterior inferior glenoid labrum, often a result of anterior shoulder dislocations
What is a Hill Sachs lesion ?	Impaction injury to the posterior superior humeral head, often seen after an anterior dislocation
What is the “lightbulb” sign ?	Appearance of the humeral head in internal rotation on an AP radiograph seen after a posterior shoulder dislocation
What is a HAGL lesion ?	Humeral avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament , most commonly seen after an anterior shoulder dislocation
What incidents typically cause posterior dislocations ?	High-energy trauma, seizures, and electrocution accidents
Which muscle group is the primary cause of posterior shoulder dislocations?	Shoulder internal rotators overpower external rotators
What portion of the glenoid typically appears most worn in osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint?	Posterior glenoid