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The Historiography of the Sciences of the Brain and Nervous System

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Handbook of the Historiography of Biology

Part of the book series: Historiographies of Science ((HISTSC,volume 1))

Abstract

This chapter includes within its purview the historiography of scientific and medical work that long predates the formation of the discipline now known as neuroscience. The unification of biological, computational, and medical sub-specialties that take as their subject matter the brain and nervous system of humans and other animals is very much a twentieth- century phenomenon (see, e.g., Smith (2000) and (Casper 2014a)). But like psychology, neuroscience as we know it today has a long past, and, as I hope to show, there is a benefit to seeing how the history of the “neurosciences” is a strand in a larger story of the development of ideas and practices relating to mind and life within western European natural philosophy, at least from the seventeenth century onward.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Using the term anachronistically to describe any study of mental function

  2. 2.

    I thank JP Gamboa for this observation.

  3. 3.

    See section “The Brain and Discrimination” on the relationship between phrenology, scientific racism, and the justification of colonialism in the nineteenth century.

  4. 4.

    Canguilhem (1994) is an excerpt.

  5. 5.

    I have omitted discussion of work on the history of psychiatry and clinical psychology, though much in this literature is relevant to the history of the neurosciences. See, for example, essays in Wallace IV and Gach (2008), and references therein.

  6. 6.

    See also essays in the volume Critical Neuroscience edited by Choudhury and Slaby (2012).

  7. 7.

    Cf. Pecere (2016) on Immanuel Kant’s response to Sömmering.

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  1. Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    M. Chirimuuta

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  1. HPS Dept, 1017 Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh HPS Dept, 1017 Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Michael Dietrich

  2. University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA

    Mark Borrello

  3. Tel Aviv, Israel

    Oren Harman

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Chirimuuta, M. (2019). The Historiography of the Sciences of the Brain and Nervous System. In: Dietrich, M., Borrello, M., Harman, O. (eds) Handbook of the Historiography of Biology. Historiographies of Science, vol 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74456-8_23-1

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