Abstract
Allergic rhinitis, atopic eczema, and asthma, which affect a large proportion of the population, have adverse effects on work and quality of life, and have the propensity to worsen with time. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been around for over 100 years and is the only treatment that can change the natural history of disease and can reverse the natural progression of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic eczema. This chapter reviews subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and compares and contrasts in vitro mechanisms of the two treatment modalities highlighting immune changes through time, and potential biomarkers associated with treatment response. This chapter then focusses on patient clinical changes through time, safety, and cost effectiveness. This chapter concludes with information on current FDA-approved treatments Odactra®, Grazax/Grastek®, Oralair®, Ragwitek® and include information on patient populations approved for these therapies, dosing regimens, when to initiate treatment, and standard doses.
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Abbreviations
- AEs:
-
Adverse events
- AR:
-
Allergic rhinitis
- AIT:
-
Allergen immunotherapy
- EET:
-
Environmental exposure chambers
- HDM:
-
House dust mite
- SCIT:
-
Subcutaneous immunotherapy
- SLIT:
-
Sublingual immunotherapy
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Mason, E., Rael, E. (2018). Sublingual Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma. In: Craig, T., Ledford, D. (eds) Allergy and Asthma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_41-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58726-4_41-1
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