Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease. It is often triggered by endogenous and/or exogenous stimuli and has a genetic predisposition. It can break out at any point in life and can affect 2–3% of the general population. Psoriasis is extremely polymorphic, defies a simple classification, and is histologically characterized by increased proliferation and impaired differentiation of keratinocytes. Systemic involvement is possible, the commonest being joint involvement.
In this chapter, we first discuss psoriasis in terms of general epidemiology, pathogenesis, genetics, and comorbidities associated with psoriasis and then we present in more detail the different subtypes of the condition.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmad PS, Hassan I (2016) A comprehensive textbook of psoriasis. Jaypee, Philadelphia
Altman K, Elston D (2017) Guttate psoriasis. Resource document. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1107850-overview#a10. Accessed 16 June 2017
Ashton R, Leppard B, Cooper H (2014) Differential diagnosis in dermatology, 4th edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 222–225
Banerjee S, Ghosh S, Mandal RK (2015) A study of correlation between clinical and histopathological findings of erythroderma in North Bengal population. Indian J Dermatol 60(6):549–555
Bolognia J, Shaffer J, Duncan K, Ko C (2014) Psoriasis. In: Dermatology essentials, 1st edn. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 56–63
Bonciani D, Bonciolini V, Antiga E, Verdelli A, Caproni M, Senetta R (2015) A case of rupioid psoriasis exacerbated by systemic glucocorticosteroids. Int J Dermatol 54(4):e100–e102
Braegelmann J, D’Erme AM, Akmal S, Maier J, Braegelmann C, Wenzel J (2016) Interleukin-36γ (IL-1F9) identifies psoriasis among patients with erythroderma. Acta Derm Venereol 96(3):386–387
Burhan E, Ozge A, Yalcin T (2017) Palmoplantar psoriasis. Clin Dermatol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.09.004
César A, Cruz M, Mota A, Azevedo F (2016) Erythroderma. A clinical and etiological study of 103 patients. J Dermatol Case Rep 10(1):1–9
Chandra A, Ray A, Senapati S, Chatterjee R (2015) Genetic and epigenetic basis of psoriasis pathogenesis. Mol Immunol 64(2):313–323
Christophers E (2001) Psoriasis: epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Exp Dermatol 26(4):314–320
Chung HJ, Marley-Kemp D, Keller M (2014) Rupioid psoriasis and other skin diseases with rupioid manifestations. Cutis 94(3):119–121
Du Vivier A (2002) Psoriasis. In: Atlas of clinical dermatology, 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 69–84
Egeberg A, Khalid U, Gislason GH, Mallbris L, Skov L, Hansen PR (2015) Association of psoriatic disease with uveitis: a Danish nationwide cohort study. JAMA Dermatol 151(11):1200–1205
Espinoza LR, Cuellar ML (1998) Psoriatic arthritis and spondylitis: a clinical approach. In: Calin A, Taurog JD (eds) Spondylarthritides. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 97–111
Feldman SR, Brown KL, Heald P (2008) “Coral reef” psoriasis: a marker of resistance to topical treatment. J Dermatolog Treat 19(5):257–258
Gao QQ, Xi MR, Yao Q (2013) Impetigo herpetiformis during pregnancy: a case report and literature review. Dermatology 226(1):35–40
Gottlieb AB (2009) Comorbidities in patients with psoriasis. Am J Med 122(12):1150.e1–1150.e9
Griffiths CEM, Christophers E, Barker JN, Chalmers RJ, Chimenti S, Krueger GG, Leonardi C, Menter A, Ortonne JP, Fry L (2007) A classification of psoriasis vulgaris according to phenotype. Br J Dermatol 156(2):258–262
Grover C, Reddy BS, Uma Chaturvedi K (2005) Diagnosis of nail psoriasis: importance of biopsy and histopathology. Br J Dermatol 153(6):1153–1158
Heidenreich R, Rocken M, Ghoreshi K (2009) Angiogenesis drives psoriasis pathogenesis. Int J Exp Pathol 90(3):232–248
Itoi-Ochi S, Hayashi M, Yamaoka T, Kobayashi Y, Isei T, Shirasaka T, Katayama I (2017) Occult HIV infection in Japanese rupioid psoriasis. J Dermatol 44(7):e172–e173
Koley S, Mandal RK, Chatterjee K, Hassan SM, Pathak S (2015) Elephantine psoriasis with papillomatosis and alternating hypogranulosis and hypergranulosis. Indian J Dermatol 60(3):264–267
Langan SM, Seminara NM, Shin DB, Troxel AB, Kimmel SE, Mehta NN, Margolis DJ, Gelfand JM (2012) Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis: a population based study in the United Kingdom. J Invest Dermatol 132(3 Pt 1):556–562
Lebwohl M, Heymann W, Berth-Jones J, Coulson I (2014) Treatment of skin disease, 4th edn. Elsevier Saunders, London/Philadelphia, pp 640–650
Lehrhoff S, Pomeranz MK (2013) Specific dermatoses of pregnancy and their treatment. Dermatol Ther 26(4):274–284
Li J, Zheng HY (2012) Erythroderma: a clinical and prognostic study. Dermatology 225(2):154–162
Lui H, Elston D (2017) Plaque psoriasis. Resource document. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1108072-overview. Accessed 16 June 2017
Meier M, Sheth PB (2009) Clinical spectrum and severity of psoriasis. Curr Probl Dermatol 38:1–20
Menon R (2011) Ostraceous psoriasis presenting over distal extremities. Int J Dermatol 50(9):1115–1116
Menter A, Stoff B (2011) History, epidemiology, and pathogenesis. In: Psoriasis, 2nd edn. Manson Publishing, London, pp 7–24
Mistry N, Gupta A, Alavi A, Sibbald RG (2015) A review of the diagnosis and management of erythroderma (generalized red skin). Adv Skin Wound Care 28(5):228–236
Mugheddu C, Atzori L, Lappi A, Pau M, Murgia S, Rongioletti F (2017) Successful Secukinumab treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis and erythrodermic psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 31(9):e420–e421
Murakami T, Ohtsuki M, Nakagawa H (2000) Rupioid psoriasis with arthropathy. Clin Exp Dermatol 25(5):409–412
Naldi L, Gambini D (2007) The clinical spectrum of psoriasis. Clin Dermatol 25(6):510–518
Nascimento BA, Carvalho AH, Dias CM, Lage TL, Carneiro CM, Bittencourt Mde J (2015) A case of generalized ostraceous psoriasis mimicking dermatitis neglecta. An Bras Dermatol 90(3 Suppl 1):197–199
Nestle F (2009) Psoriasis. In: Gaspary A, Tyring S (eds) Clinical and basic immunodermatology. Springer, London, pp 207–216
Oliveira Mde F, Rocha Bde O, Duarte GV (2015) Psoriasis: classical and emerging comorbidities. An Bras Dermatol 90(1):9–20
Pescitelli L, Dini V, Gisondi P, Loconsole F, Piaserico S, Piccirillo A, Stinco G, Errichetti E, Talamonti M, Tripo L, Volpi W, Prignano F (2015) Erythrodermic psoriasis treated with ustekinumab: an Italian multicenter retrospective analysis. J Dermatol Sci 78(2):149–151
Ram-Wolff C, Martin-Garcia N, Bensussan A, Bagot M, Ortonne N (2010) Histopathologic diagnosis of lymphomatous versus inflammatory erythroderma: a morphologic and phenotypic study on 47 skin biopsies. Am J Dermatopathol 32(8):755–763
Raychaudhuri SK, Maverakis E, Raychaudhuri SP (2014) Diagnosis and classification of psoriasis. Autoimmun Rev 13(4–5):490–495
Robinson A, Van Voorhees AS, Hsu S, Korman NJ, Lebwohl MG, Bebo BF Jr, Kalb RE (2012) Treatment of pustular psoriasis: from the medical board of the National Psoriasis Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol 67(2):279–288
Rocken M, Schaller M, Sattler E, Burgdorf W (2012) Psoriasis. In: Color atlas of dermatology. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 154–159
Rosenbach M, Hsu S, Korman NJ, Lebwohl MG, Young M, Bebo BF Jr, Van Voorhees AS, National Psoriasis Foundation Medical Board (2010) Treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis: from the medical board of the National Psoriasis Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol 62(4):655–662
Ruderman EM, Tambar S (2004) Psoriatic arthritis; prevalence, diagnosis and review of therapy for dermatologist. Dermatol Clin 22:477–486
Sheu JS, Divito SJ, Enamandram M, Merola JF (2016) Dapsone therapy for pustular psoriasis: case series and review of the literature. Dermatology 232(1):97–101
Springate DA (2017) Incidence, prevalence and mortality of patients with psoriasis: a U.K. population-based cohort study. Br J Dermatol 176(3):650–658
Syed ZU, Khachemoune A (2011) Inverse psoriasis: case presentation and review. Am J Clin Dermatol 12(2):143–146
Tan ES, Chong WS, Tey HL (2012) Nail psoriasis: a review. Am J Clin Dermatol 13(6):375–388
Tsoi LC, Stuart PE, Tian C, Gudjonsson JE, Das S, Zawistowski M, Ellinghaus E, Barker JN, Chandran V, Dand N, Callis Duffin K, Enerbäck C, Esko T, Franke A, Gladman DD, Hoffmann P, Kingo K, Kõks S, Krueger GG, Lim HW, Metspalu A, Mrowietz U, Mucha S, Rahman P, Reis A, Tejasvi T, Trembath R, Voorhees JJ, Weidinger S, Weichenthal M, Wen X, Eriksson N, Kang HM, Hinds DA, Nair RP, Abecasis GR, Elder JT (2017) Large scale meta-analysis characterizes genetic architecture for common psoriasis associated variants. Nat Commun 8:15382
van de Kerkhof PC, Franssen ME (2001) Psoriasis of the scalp. Diagnosis and management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2(3):159–165
van de Kerkhof PCM, Nestlé FO (2012) Psoriasis. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Schaffer JV (eds) Dermatology, 3th edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 135–156
Werner B, Brenner FM, Boer A (2008) Histopathological study of scalp psoriasis: peculiar features including gland atrophy. Am J Dermatopathol 30(2):93–100
Zattra E, Belloni Fortina A, Peserico A, Alaibac M (2012) Erythroderma in the era of biological therapies. Eur J Dermatol 22(2):167–171
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Ladoyanni, E., Arias, M.C., Fonseca Noriega, L., Verpetinske, I. (2022). Psoriasis. In: Smoller, B., Bagherani, N. (eds) Atlas of Dermatology, Dermatopathology and Venereology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53808-2_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53808-2_35
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53807-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53808-2
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine