Abstract
Evidence is accumulating which suggests that the current obesity epidemic may precede a second epidemic of accelerated cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Obesity and the consumption of obesogenic “Western”-style diets (high in saturated fats and processed sugars) promote a variety of metabolic derangements that can have adverse effects on the brain and, subsequently, cognition. Here, we review evidence which suggests that obesity and the other components of the metabolic syndrome (i.e., hypertension, gluco-dysregulation, and dyslipidemia) promote cognitive decline and increase one’s risk of developing dementia and AD. We also review recent insights regarding the role of blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation as a mediator of these relationships. Finally, we discuss the broader implications of living in a society that promotes cognitive impairment, highlighting two particularly concerning possibilities: (1) that Western diet-induced cognitive impairments may, themselves, be as a risk factor for future obesity and (2) that obesity in childhood may be a risk factor for dementia in adulthood.
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Martin, A.A. (2015). Obesity, Metabolic Dysfunction and Dementia. In: Ahima, R. (eds) Metabolic Syndrome. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12125-3_41-1
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