Abstract
This chapter evaluates the Zimbabwe Council of Churches’ (ZCC) peacebuilding programme and its impact on Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV). In doing this intersectionality study, our chapter aims to find out how the peacebuilding programme promoted by the ZCC is life affirming to women, with particular focus on how the programme helps to address SGBV. Utilizing Lederach’s conflict transformation theory as well as Burton’s human needs theory, the chapter explores how peacebuilding can be implemented as a resource for healing the inner wounds for the survivors of SGBV in Zimbabwe. It also suggests that in order for peacebuilding initiatives to be effectively life transforming, the component of mental health needs to be addressed as well. In this light, our chapter proffers that the church, through initiatives such as the ZCC peacebuilding programmes, should provide a safe space for women to actively participate in rebuilding the broken minds and hearts affected by SGBV. Drawing insights from African Women’s Theology, the crux of our argument is that there cannot be any meaningful development in Zimbabwe in the absence of sustainable peace. Similarly, we contend that a context that is riddled with SGBV will continue to be bereft of lasting peace and holistic development.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
We have put this in quotation marks because the term “victim” negatively connotes the lived experience of those who go through violence. Instead, we will subsequently use the term “survivors” throughout the discussion in this chapter.
References
Aroussi, S. (2017). Women, Peace, and Security and the DRC: Time to Rethink Wartime Sexual Violence as Gender-Based Violence? Politics & Gender, 13(3), 488–515.
Bradley, S. (2018). Domestic and Family Violence in Post-Conflict Communities: International Human Rights Law and the State’s Obligation to Protect Women and Children. Health and Human Rights, 20(2), 123–136.
Burton, J. (1990). Conflict: Resolution and Prevention. St. Martin's Press.
Chirongoma, S. (2020a). Women as Agents of Peace in the Midlands Province, Zimbabwe: Towards Sustainable Peace and Development. In A. Chitando (Ed.), Women and Peacebuilding in Africa (pp. 108–123). Routledge.
Chirongoma, S. (2020b). Church-Related Hospitals and Health-Care Provision in Zimbabwe. In E. Chitando (Ed.), The Zimbabwe Council of Churches and Development in Zimbabwe (pp. 125–147). Palgrave Macmillan.
Chirongoma, S. (2022). Young Christian Women As Agents of Sustainable Development in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Murinye District, Masvingo. In E. Chitando, S. Chirongoma, & K. Biri (Eds.), Women and Religion in Zimbabwe Strides and Struggles (pp. 266–286). Rowman and Littlefield.
Chirongoma, S., & Mupangwa, T. (2021a). Gender Disparity as a Colonial Matrix of Power: Demystifying Pastors’ Call Narratives in the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe. In L. Siwila & F. Kobo (Eds.), Religion, Patriarchy and Empire: Festschrift in Honour of Mercy Amba Oduyoye (pp. 211–260). Cluster Publications.
Chirongoma, S., & Mupangwa, T. (2021b). The quest for good governance and gender justice in the postcolonial church: A case study of the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe. In B. Dube (Ed.), Postcolonial Religio-political and Religious Education in Crisis: The Case of Zimbabwe, South Africa and Tanzania (pp. 313–352). Cluster Publications: Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
Cohen, D. K., & Nordas, R. (2014). Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict: Introducing the SVAC Dataset, 1989–2009. Journal of Peace Research, 51(3), 418–428.
Danesh, H. B. (2011). Human Needs Theory, Conflict, and Peace: In Search of an Integrated Model. In D. J. Christie (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Peace Psychology. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.
Dube, M. W. (Ed.). (2001). Other Ways of Reading: African Women and the Bible. Society of Biblical Literature.
Gaidzanwa, R. (2004). Gender, Women and Electoral Politics in Zimbabwe. EISA Research Report 8. Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa. http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/zimwomen
Hallencreutz, Carl F. (1988). Policy of Religion: The New Framework. In C. Hallencreutz and A. Moyo, (Eds.), Church and State in Zimbabwe, 1–25. Gweru: Mambo Press.
Kasomo, D., & Maseno, L. M. (2011). A Critical Appraisal of African Feminist Theology. International Journal of Current Research, 2(1), 154–162.
Klot, J. F. (2007). Women and Peacebuilding. Social Science Research Council, 29, 1–12.
Klugman, J. (2017). Gender Based Violence and the Law. World Development Report Background Paper. World Bank. License: CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26198
Krause, J., Krause, W., & Bränfors, P. (2018). Women’s Participation in Peace Negotiations and the Durability of Peace. International Interactions, 44(6), 985–1016.
Landman, C. (1994). Ten Years of Feminist Theology in South Africa. Journal of Feminist Studies Religion, 11(1), 143–148.
Lederach, J. P. (2003). The Little Book of Conflict Transformation. Good Books.
Maseko, L. P. (2020). Sustainable Peace and Development: Peace Building by the Ecumenical Church Leaders Forum. In E. Chitando, M. R. Gunda, & L. Togarasei (Eds.), Religion and Development in Africa (pp. 335–352). University of Bamberg Press.
Mujinga, M. (2022). The Triple Suffering of Zimbabwean Women Trafficked to the Middle East. In Chitando, E., Manyonganise, M., Chirongoma, S. (Eds.), Gendered Spaces, Religion and Migration in Zimbabwe: Implications for Economic Development, (p. 7). Palgrave and MacMillan.
Mupangwa, T., & Chirongoma, S. (2020). The Challenges of Being a Female Pastor: A Case of the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe. HTS Teologiese Studies/ Theological Studies, 76(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v76i2.5838
Mupangwa, T., & Chirongoma, S. (2021). Single Women and Church Leadership: A Case Study of the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe. Journal of Theology for Southern Africa, 171, 42–64.
Murwira, A., & Manyeruke, C. (2020). Church-Politics Nexus: An Analysis of the Zimbabwe Council of Churches (ZCC) and Political Engagement. In E. Chitando (Ed.), The Zimbabwe Council of Churches and Development in Zimbabwe (pp. 95–108). Palgrave Macmillan.
Obiekwe K. (2009). In Search of Appropriate Peace-making/Peacebuilding Paradigm in dealing With Africa’s Intrastate Violent Conflicts: Considering Lederach’s Faith Based Conflict, Transformation and Peacebuilding Approach. Journal of Peace, Conflict and Development, (13) http://www.peacestudiesjournal.org.uk/
Oduyoye, M. A. (1990). Who Will Roll the Stone Away? The Decade of the Churches in Solidarity with Women. WCC Publications.
Oduyoye, M. A. (1995). Daughters of Anowa: African Women and Patriarchy. Orbis Books.
Oduyoye, M. A. (2001). Introducing African Women’s Theology. The Pilgrim Press.
Pampell, C. (2002). More Than Victims: The Role of Women in Conflict Prevention. In A Conference Report (pp. 1–56).
Shulika, L. S. (2016). Women and Peace Building: From Historical to Contemporary African Perspectives. Ubuntu: Journal of Conflict and Social Transformation, 5(1), 7–31.
Tarusarira, J. (2020). The Zimbabwe Council of Churches and ‘Crisis’ Ecumenical Groups. In E. Chitando (Ed.), The Zimbabwe Council of Churches and Development in Zimbabwe (pp. 65–78). Palgrave Macmillan.
UN Women. (2014). Zimbabwean Women in Conflict: Transformation and Peace Building, Past Experience and Future Opportunities. UN Women.
Votruba, N., Eaton, J., Prince, M., & Thornicroft, G. (2014). The Importance of Global Mental Health for the Sustainable Development Goals. Journal of Mental Health, 23(6), 283–286.
Walsh, D. (2015). How a Human Needs Theory Understanding of Conflict Enhances the Use of Consociationalism as a Conflict Resolution Mechanism: The Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland. Ethnopolitics https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2015.1024012
Zimbabwe Council of Churches Annual Report. (2020). https://www.zcc-eco.org/images/documents/ZCC%202020%20Annual%20Report.pdf
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Maseko, L.P., Chirongoma, S. (2023). Gender, Religion, Peacebuilding, and Development in Zimbabwe. In: Kilonzo, S.M., Chitando, E., Tarusarira, J. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Religion, Peacebuilding, and Development in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36829-5_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36829-5_35
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-36828-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-36829-5
eBook Packages: Religion and PhilosophyPhilosophy and Religion (R0)