Abstract
From the time John Rawls (1921–2002) became an adult to his retirement from his university chair (in 1991), an ongoing and demanding challenge – physical as well as intellectual – threatened Western political institutions. The theoretical side of this challenge was advanced by Fascism/Nazism, on the one hand, and by Marxism, on the other. Although these theoretical challenges were significantly different from one another, they had certain points of agreement: They concurred in a deep contempt of parliamentary government and an intolerance for political controversy (disdaining the idea of a “loyal opposition” or any acceptable difference of opinion from the official line); and they had no commitment to or respect for the idea of the rights, human or constitutional, of individuals.
Originally published in Mortimer Sellers and Stephan Kirste, Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, © Springer Nature B.V. 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6730-0_790-1.
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References
Rawls J (1999) A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (original edition – 1971, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA). All citations are to the 1999 revised edition
Rawls J (1999) Collected papers, edited by Freeman S, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Rawls J (2001) Justice as fairness: a restatement, edited by Kelly E, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. A publication of Rawls’s lectures on political philosophy at Harvard during the 1980s, based on the lecture set of 1989
Rawls J (1993), Political liberalism, Columbia University Press, New York, hardbound (1996 paperback). All citations are to the 1996 paperback
Rawls J (1997), The idea of public reason revisited, originally published in University of Chicago Law Review 64 (summer 1997) at pp 765–807, reprinted in CP, pp 573–615, and elsewhere
Rawls J (1999) The law of peoples with “The idea of public reason revisited”, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
Further Reading
Martin R (2017) Rawls, In Boucher D, Kelly P (eds) Political thinkers: from Socrates to the present, 3rd ed. Published by Oxford University Press, pp 604–624. (A source for the present entry; a helpful list of Further Readings is found on p 622 of this book)
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Martin, R. (2023). Rawls, John. In: Zanetti, G., Sellers, M., Kirste, S. (eds) Handbook of the History of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy. Studies in the History of Law and Justice, vol 24. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19550-1_31
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