Abstract
In this chapter, we look at how football assemblages deformed, and were reformed, as the COVID-19 pandemic altered political life in the Peoples’ Republic. Specifically, we examine how the sport of football—a sport we were set to conduct fieldwork in during 2020 in China—became an important field through which the political and cultural machinations of the Chinese government came to operate, and suspend, life in everyday China. We turn to the notion of diffraction as an interpretive strategy to look at how discourses and discursive practices might be dialogically read “through one another” as the two researchers sought to make sense of how this deeply embodied physical cultural space yielded to the biopolitics of a pandemic (see Barad, 2007). We provide a critical diffraction on what we found as players stopped running, fields emptied, grandstands were vacated, and the State game was put on hold. In this state of exception—a condition assuredly forged by State-led reterritorializations of pandemic bodies (and anti-bodies) and restricted movement/mobility, pandemic anxieties, and non-normative cultural and sporting conditions—the absence of football served as a productive form-ation through which associations, relations, and economies of difference could be made anew. In essence, this chapter is a diffractive interchange of what it was like to do fieldwork of that which wasn’t, specifically by linking 1) a research actor’s (Joshua) extrospective reading of pandemic-era (footballing) China as seen through the lens of English media representations, 2) a research actor’s (Hanhan) lived experiences as physically immersed into ‘lockdown’ China during the pandemic, and 3) of the unavoidably messy, complex, and contradictory diffractions therebetween.
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Notes
- 1.
Most notably, that the CCP had detained and censored tennis player Peng Shuai after allegations of sexual coercion. Peng had posted social media that she was she was victim of an act of sexual coercion at the hands of retired Vice Premier Zhang Gaoli, with whom she on ongoing relationship for more than a decade. Peng Shuai later explained that “I have never said or written that anyone has sexually assaulted me, I have to clearly stress this point” and later stated that the post and then removal of the social media post “with regards to Weibo, it’s about my personal privacy. There’s been a lot of misunderstanding.” The investigation of Zhang Gaoli is of this writing still ongoing, and at no point was there evidence that Peng Shuai was detained or that the CCP deleted the post.
- 2.
Specifically, by erasing the role of what many (including FIFA) believe is the original or forerunning form of the sport—the ancient Chinese sport cuju (a military sport that originated 2300 years ago in the Chinese city of Lin Zi and served to train the troops and check the physical condition of the soldiers, the literally meaning of which is cu “to kick” ju “a type of leather ball”).
- 3.
Chadwick explains that this withdrawal of Chinese investment in European football came about “in conjunction with a more draconian state that is acting increasingly bullish toward entrepreneurs and its business people” (WallStreet, 2021, para. 7).
- 4.
The Five Eyes is an intelligence-sharing alliance consisting of the US, UK, Australia, Canada & New Zealand. As one journalist critical of pro-Western ideologies that often frame sport in China put it with respect to how these Western powers are using the 2022 Beijing Olympics to promote their interests, “The Five Eyes, constituting a majority of ‘diplomatic boycott’ participants, are united not just by the English language but by a common history of settler colonialism, Indigenous genocide, and violently enforced regional and global hegemony” (Xu, 2022, para. 4).
- 5.
For example, there was considerable coverage of the State takeover of failing CSL franchises, most notably of the local government bailing out Jiangsu Suning the reigning CSL Champions, in 2021.
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Xue, H., Newman, J.I. (2023). The Political Physics of an Unkicked Ball: On Diffractive No-Bodies and Pandemic Non-Matter in Footballing China. In: Andrews, D.L., Thorpe, H., Newman, J.I. (eds) Sport and Physical Culture in Global Pandemic Times . Global Culture and Sport Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14387-8_2
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