Abstract
This chapter serves as an introduction to the comparative volume. It introduces the identities of the two (post)industrial regions of the German Ruhr and the industrial triangle of Northwest Italy. And it introduces the historiography of deindustrialization studies, including the development, agendas and theoretical perspectives which have attracted scholarship of various disciplines. What follows is an explanatory summary of the comparative structure of the case studies within the volume, which discusses the following themes under conditions of deindustrialization: landscapes, life worlds, economic policies, labour relations, urban planning, environmental renewal and cultures. It concludes with reflections on the political and socioeconomic futures of the two regions in Europe.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
The volume originates from a conference held at the German Historical Institute in Rome. For the report by Florian Meier in German see, Tagungsbericht: Deindustrialization: The Structural Transformation of Nord-Ovest and the Ruhr in Comparative Perspective, 18.04.2018–20.04.2018 Rom, in: H-Soz-Kult, 16.06.2018, www.hsozkult.de/conferencereport/id/tagungsberichte-7751.
- 2.
Bert Altena and Marcel van der Linden (eds.), De-industrialization: Social, Cultural and Political Aspects, IRSH Supplements (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
- 3.
We use the term ‘transdisciplinarity’ here to emphasize that different disciplines have engaged with the phenomena associated with deindustrialization. Often there still is a lack of ‘interdisciplinarity’ in the sense of a sustained and constructive dialogue between the disciplines, although promising beginnings have no doubt been made.
- 4.
Lutz Raphael, Jenseits von Kohle und Stahl. Eine Gesellschaftsgeschichte Westeuropas nach dem Boom (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 2019).
- 5.
Daniel Bell, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society (New York: Basic Books, 1976).
- 6.
Nigel Harris, Selected Essays of Nigel Harris: From National Liberation to Globalisation (Leiden: Brill, 2018), p. 238.
- 7.
Steven High, Industrial Sunset: The Making of America’a Rust Belt (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003); see also idem and David W. Lewis, Corporate Wasteland: The Landscape and Memory of Deindustrialization (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2007); Steven High, Lachlan MacKinnon and Andrew Perchard (eds.), The Deindustrialized World: Confronting Ruination in Postindustrial Places (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2017); Steven High, One Job Town: Work, Belonging and Betrayal in Northern Ontario (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018); Stefan Berger and Steven High (eds.), ‘(De-)Industrial Heritage, Special Issue of Labor’, in Studies in Working-Class History 16:1 (2019), pp. 1–170.
- 8.
See, for example, Thor Berger and Carl B. Frey, ‘Structural Transformation in the OECD: Digitalisation, Deindustrialisation and the Future of Work’, in OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 193 (2016), OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlr068802f7-en. Much more bottom-up accounts, looking at what happened to working-class families under conditions of deindustrialization, is, for example, Christine J. Walley, Exit 0: Family and Class in Postindustrial Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013).
- 9.
Dana Loomis, David B. Richardson, and James F. Bena, ‘Deindustrialisation and the Long Term Decline in Fatal Occupational Injuries’, in Occupational and Environmental Medicine 61 (2004), pp. 616–621.
- 10.
The deindustrialization of the former GDR had an important impact of the image of reunified Germany as a green country due to large-scale reduction of emissions in the East, see, e.g., Benjamin Becker and Caspar Richter, ‘Klimaschutz in Deutschland: Realitaet oder Rheotorik’, in Momentum Quarterly 4:1 (2015), pp. 3–22.
- 11.
German Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Re-Imagining Work. Green Paper Work 4.0, Berlin: BMAS, 2015, https://www.bmas.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/PDF-Publikationen/arbeiten-4-0-green-paper.pdf;jsessionid=FD5D548A3D5C42D51FBB9C9B04DC9C27.delivery2-master?__blob=publicationFile&v=1 [accessed 8 October 2020].
- 12.
Bojan Lalic et al. (eds.), Advances in Production Management Systems: Towards Smart and Digital Manufacturing, 2 vols (Berlin: Springer, 2020).
- 13.
On Genoa, see, for example, Emanuela Guano, ‘Touring the Hidden City: Walking Tour Guides in Deindustrializing Genoa’, in City and Society 27:2 (2015), pp. 160–182.
- 14.
In this respect, Margaret Cowell’s concept of ‘adaptive resilience’ is also interesting. See Margaret Cowell, Dealing with Deindustrialization. Adaptive Resilience in American Midwestern Regions (London: Routledge 2015).
- 15.
For a largely positive balance sheet of this management approach to deindustrialization in Germany’s former key area of heavy industry, the Ruhr, see Stefan Goch, Eine Region im Kampf mit dem Strukturwandel: Bewältigung von Strukturwandel und Strukturpolitik im Ruhrgebiet (Essen: Klartext, 2002); see also his contribution in this volume.
- 16.
Frank Blackby (ed.), Deindustrialization (London: Heinemann, 1978); Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison, The Deindustrialization of America (New York: Basic Books, 1982).
- 17.
For details, see Steven High, Lachlan MacKinnon, and Andrew Perchard, ‘Introduction’, in eidem (eds.), The Deindustrialized World, pp. 3–24.
- 18.
We cannot provide here an extensive list of the literature that is available on each of the seven themes. Hence, we restrict ourselves to give some prominent examples for each theme. On the first theme compare: Dora Apel, Beautiful Terrible Ruins. Detroit and the Anxiety of Decline (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2015); Alexis S. Boutefeu-Moraitis, ‘The Politics of Deindustrialization: The Experience of the Textiles and Clothing Sector (1974–1984)’, in French Politics 16:1 (2018), pp. 38–63; Margaret Cowell, Dealing with Deindustrialization. Adaptive Resilience in American Mid-Western Regions (New York: Routledge, 2015).
- 19.
Kathryn Marie Dudley, The End of the Line: Lost Jobs, New Lives in Postindustrial America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994); Owen Jones, Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class (London: Verso, 2011); Jackie Clarke, ‘Closing Time: Deindustrialization and Nostalgia in Contemporary France’, in History Workshop Journal 79:1 (2015), pp. 107–125.
- 20.
Christian Wicke, Stefan Berger and Jana Golombek (eds.), ‘Special Issue: Deindustrialization, Heritage and Representations of Identity’, in The Public Historian 39:4 (2017); James Rhodes, ‘The “Trouble” with the “White Working-Class”: Whiteness, Class and “Groupism”’, in Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 19:4 (2012), pp. 485–492; Lex Heerma van Voss, and Marcel van der Linden (eds.), Class and Other Identities: Gender, Religion and Ethnicity in the Writing of European Labor History (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2002).
- 21.
Clemens Zimmermann (ed.), Industrial Cities: History and Future (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 2013); Ronan Paddison and Tom Hutton (eds.), Cities and Economic Change: Restructuring and Dislocation in the Global Metropolis (London: Sage, 2014).
- 22.
Martin Baumeister, Bruno Bonomo and Dieter Schott (eds.), Cities Contested: Urban Politics, Heritage and Social Movements in Italy and West Germany in the 1970s (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 2017); Marion Fontaine and Xavier Vigna (eds.), ‘La Déindustrialisation: une histoire en cours’, in Revue d’Historique 21/22 (2019).
- 23.
Christopher H. Johnson, The Life and Death of Industrial Languedoc 1700–1920: The Politics of Deindustrialisation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 259; see also: idem, ‘Introduction: De-industrialization and Globalization’, in International Review of Social History 47 (2002), pp. 3–33.
- 24.
Jefferson Cowie and Joseph Heathcott, Beyond the Ruins: The Meaning of Deindustrialization (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003); Tim Strangleman and James T. Rhodes, ‘The “New” Sociology of Deindustrialization? Understanding Industrial Change’, in Sociology Compass 8:4 (2014), pp. 411–421; Michael Peter Smith and L. Owen Kirkpatrick (eds.), Reinventing Detroit: The Politics of Possibility (New York: Taylor & Francis, 2017); Steven P. Dandaneau, A Town Abandoned: Flint, Michigan, Confronts Deindustrialization (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996).
- 25.
Mario Reimer and Karsten Rusche, ‘Green Infrastructure under Pressure: A Global Narrative Between Regional Vision and Local Implementation’, in European Planning Studies (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1591346; Pia Eiringhaus, Industrie und Natur: Postindustrielle Repräsentationen von Natur und Umwelt im Ruhrgebiet (Bochum: SGR, 2018); Tim Edensor, ‘The Ghosts of Industrial Ruins: Ordering and Disordering Memory in Excessive Space’, in Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 23:6 (2005), pp. 829–849.
- 26.
Christian Wicke, Stefan Berger and Jana Golombek (eds.), Industrial Heritage and Regional Identities (London: Routledge, 2018); Laurajane Smith, Paul Shackel, and Gary Campbell (eds.), Heritage, Labour and the Working Classes (London: Routledge, 2011); Philip Feifan Xie, Industrial Heritage Tourism (Bristol: Channel View Publications, 2015).
- 27.
Sherry Lee Linkon, The Half-Life of Deindustrialization: Working-Class Writing About Economic Restructuring (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2018); Anna Trubek, Voices from the Rust Belt (New York: Picador, 2018); Tim Strangleman, ‘“Smokestack nostalgia”, “ruin porn” or Working Class Obituary? The Role and Meaning of De-industrial Representation’, in International Labour and Working-Class History 84 (2013), pp. 23–37.
- 28.
Anna Storm, Post-industrial Landscape Scars (London: Palgrave, 2014); George Jaramillo and Juliane Tomann, Transcending the Nostalgic: Deindustrialised Landscapes Across Europe (New York: Berghahn Books, 2021).
- 29.
Giacomo Bocca, Deindustrialisation and Popular Music: Punk and ‘Post-Punk’ in Manchester, Düsseldorf, Torino and Tampere (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2020); Keith Gildart and Stephen Catterall, Keeping the Faith: A History of Northern Soul (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020); Sherry Lee Linkon, ‘Navigating Past and Present in the Deindustrial Landscape: Contemporary Writers on Detroit and Youngstown’, in International Labor and Working-Class History 84 (2013), pp. 38–54.
- 30.
Stefan Berger, ‘Vom Nutzen und Nachteil der Nostalgie. Das Kulturerbe der Deindustrialisierung im globalen Vergleich’, in Zeithistorische Forschungen 2022 (forthcoming).
- 31.
Luc Boltanski andArnaud Esquerre, Bereicherung. Eine Kritik der Ware, Frankfurt a.M. 2018. On the role of nostalgia in the commodification of industrial pasts, see also Bella Dicks, Heritage, Place and Community, Cardiff 2000, und Laurajane Smith, Uses of Heritage, London 2006.
- 32.
Two recent examples are Lachlan MacKinnon, Closing Sysco. Industrial Decline in Atlantic Canada’s Steel City, Toronto 2020; Steven High, One Job Town. Work, Belonging and Betrayal in Northern Ontario, Toronto 2018.
- 33.
Hayden White, The Practical Past, Evanston 2014.
- 34.
Fred Davis, Yearning for Yesterday. A Sociology of Nostalgia, New York 1979; Svetlana Boym, The Future of Nostalgia, New York 2001.
- 35.
Alastair Bonnett, Left in the Past. Radicalism and the Politics of Nostalgia, New York 2010, S. 5.
- 36.
Raymond Williams, The Country and the City, Oxford 1973.
- 37.
Tobias Becker, ‘The Meanings of Nostalgia: Genealogy and Critique’, in History and Theory 57 (2018), S. 234–250.
- 38.
Sherry Lee Linkon, The Half-Life of Deindustrialization. Working-Class Writing About Economic Restructuring, Ann Arbor 2018, S. 23.
- 39.
Laurajane Smith/Gary Campbell, ‘“Nostalgia for the Future”: Memory, Nostalgia and the Politics of Class’, in International Journal of Heritage Studies 23 (2017), S. 612–627.
- 40.
Stefan Berger (ed.), Constructing Industrial Pasts: Heritage, Identities and Historical Cultures in Regions Undergoing Structural Economic Transformation (New York: Berghahn, 2020); Alice Mah, Industrial Ruination, Community and Place: Landscapes and Legacies of Urban Decline (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012).
- 41.
Peter A. Hall and David Soskice (eds.), Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).
- 42.
On the global south, see, for example, R. Hassink, X. Hu, D. H. Shin, S. Yamamura, and H. Gong, ‘The Restructuring of Old Industrial Areas in East Asia’, in Area Development and Policy 3:2 (2018), pp. 185–202; Katharine Frederick, ‘Global and Local Forces in Deindustrialization: The Case of Cotton Cloth in East Africa’s Lower Shire Valley’, in Journal of Eastern African Studies 11:2 (2017), pp. 266–289; Chitra Joshi, Lost Worlds: Indian Labour and Its Forgotten Histories (New Delhi: Permanent Black, 2003).
- 43.
To cite just one recent among many wonderful examples, see Tim Strangleman, Voices of Guinness: An Oral History of the Park Royal Brewery (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019).
- 44.
Stefan Moitra and Katarzyna Nogueira (eds.), ‘Industrial Memories. Oral History and Structural Change’, in BIOS. Zeitschrift für Biographieforschung, (forthcoming).
- 45.
See, e.g., George Karl Ackers, ‘Rethinking Deindustrialisation and Male Career Crisis’, in British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 42:5 (2009), pp. 500–510; Valerie Walkerdine and Luis Jimenez, Gender, Work and Community after De-industrialisation: A Psychosocial Approach to Affect (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2012).
- 46.
See, e.g., Ron Martin and Bob Rowthorn (eds.), The Geography of Deindustrialization (Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, 1986); W. F. Lever, ‘Deindustrialisation and the Reality of the Post-Industrial City’, in Urban Studies 28:6 (1991), pp. 983–999; Mark Allen Rhodes, William R. Price, Amy Walker (eds.), Geographies of Post-Industrial Place, Memory and Heritage (London: Taylor & Francis, 2020).
- 47.
Pathbreaking for deindustrialization studies in this respect was Mah, Industrial Ruination, who compared Niagara Falls, Canada/USA, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK; and Ivanovo, Russia.
- 48.
Achim Prossek, ‘Sympathieträger der Region: Erinnerungsort Ruhri’, in Stefan Berger, Ulrich Borsdorf, Ludger Classen, Heinrich Theodor Grütter and Dieter Nellen (eds.), Zeit-Räume Ruhr: Erinnerungsorte des Ruhrgebiets (Essen: Klartext, 2019), pp. 279–295.
- 49.
On the concept of Heimat, see Jens Jäger, Heimat (english version), in Docupedia-Zeitgeschichte, first published 13 August 2018, https://docupedia.de/zg/Jaeger_heimat_v1_en_2018 [accessed 9 October 2020].
- 50.
Christoph Cornelissen, ‘Der lange Weg zur historischen Identität. Geschichtspolitik in Nordrhein-Westfalen seit 1946’, in Thomas Schlemmer and Hans Woller (eds.), Politik und Kultur im föderativen Staat, 1949–1973 (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2004), pp. 411–484.
- 51.
In the English-speaking world, there have been important centers for oral history that spearheaded the examination of diverse aspects of the history of deindustrialization. See, for example, the Scottish Oral History Centre at Strathclyde University in Glasgow, https://www.strath.ac.uk/humanities/schoolofhumanities/history/scottishoralhistorycentre/ [accessed 9 October 2020], and the Centre for Oral History and Digital Storytelling at Concordia University in Montreal, http://storytelling.concordia.ca/ [accessed 9 October 2020]. Oral history has also been important in investigating stories of deindustrialization in both Germany and Italy, even if both countries lack a distinct center and if, like in the Ruhr, the oral history sources are widely dispersed between different institutions. See also the classic: Alessandro Portelli, They Say in Harlan County. An Oral History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).
- 52.
Edward P. Thompson, ‘The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century’, in Past and Present 50 (1971), pp. 76–136.
- 53.
Ute Frevert, ‘Moral Economies: Present and Past. Social Practices and Intellectual Controversies’, in: idem (ed.), Moral Economies, Göttingen, 2019, 13–44.
- 54.
Tim Strangleman, ‘Deindustrialization and the Historical Sociological Imagination: Making Sense of Work and Industrial Change’, in Sociology 51 (2017), pp. 466–482.
- 55.
See, e.g., Seth Schindler, http://blog.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/the-new-geography-of-deindustrialization-and-the-rise-of-the-right/ [accessed 9 October 2020], and Jim Tomlison, https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit/2017/04/28/de-industrialisation-rather-than-globalisation-is-the-key-part-of-the-brexit-story/ [accessed 9 October 2020]; see, more generally, Fernando López-Alves and Diane E. Johnson (eds.), Populist Nationalism in Europe and the Americas (London: Routledge, 2018).
- 56.
W. Rand Smith, The Left’s Dirty Job: The Politics of Industrial Restructuring in France and Spain (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998).
- 57.
It should be noted that the AfD also managed to mobilize many non-voters and that it draws support from diverse sections of the ideological spectrum, but in places like the Ruhr it undoubtedly also appeals to working-class voters who traditionally voted for parties on the left of the political spectrum. See Wolfgang Schroeder and Bernhard Weβels, Smarte Spalter: die AfD zwischen Bewegung und Parlament (Bonn: J.W.H. Dietz Nachf, 2019); Hambauer, Anja Mays Verena, ‘Wer wählt die AfD? Ein Vergleich der Sozialstruktur, politischen Einstellungen und Einstellungen zu Flüchtlingen zwischen AfD WählerInnen und den WählerInnen anderer Parteien’, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 12:1 (2018), pp. 133–154.
- 58.
Yascha Mounk, The People vs. Democracy. Why Our Freedom Is in Danger and How to Save It (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018).
- 59.
Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001) (first published in 1944).
- 60.
See, for example, David Byrne, ‘Deindustrialization and Dispossession: An Examination of Social Division in the Industrial City’, in Sociology 29:1 (1995), pp. 95–115.
- 61.
A consortium of scholars from North America and Europe, led by Steven High at Concordia University, Montreal, is doing precisely this in a seven-year project that started in 2020. See https://www.concordia.ca/news/stories/2020/06/03/sshrc-awards-2-5-m-to-concordia-led-collaborative-research-on-deindustrialization-and-the-rise-of-populism.html [accessed 12 October 2020].
References
Ackers, George Karl, ‘Rethinking Deindustrialisation and Male Career Crisis’, in British Journal of Guidance & Counceling 42:5 (2009), pp. 500–510.
Alterna, Bert and van der Linden, Marcel (eds.), ‘De-industrialization: Social, Cultural and Political Aspects’, IRSH Supplements (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
Apel, Dora, Beautiful Terrible Ruins. Detroit and the Anxiety of Decline (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2015).
Baumeister, Martin, Bonomo, Bruno and Schott, Dieter (eds.), Cities Contested: Urban Politics, Heritage and Social Movements in Italy and West Germany in the 1970s (Frankfurt/Manin: Campus, 2017).
Becker, Tobias, ‘The Meanings of Nostalgia: Genealogy and Critique’, in History and Theory 57 (2018), S. 234–250.
Becker, Benjamin and Richter, Caspar, ‘Klimaschutz in Deutschland: Realitaet oder Rhetorik’, in Momentum Quarterly 4:1 (2015), pp. 3–22.
Bell, Daniel, The Coming of Post-industrial Society (New York: Basic Books, 1976).
Berger, Stefan (ed.), Constructing Industrial Pasts: Heritage, Identities and Historical Cultures in Regions Undergoing Structural Economic Transformation (New York: Berghahn, 2020).
Berger, Thor and Frey, Carl B., ‘Structural Transformation in the OECD: Digitalisation, Deindustrialisation and the Future of Work’, in OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 193 (2016), OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlr068802f7-en.
Berger, Stefan and High, Steven (eds.), ‘(De-)Industrial Heritage, Special Issue of Labor’, in Studies in Working-Class History 16:1 (2019), pp. 1–170.
Blackby, Frank (ed.), Deindustrialization (London: Heinemann, 1978).
Bluestone, Barry and Harrison, Bennett, The Deindustrialization of America (New York: Basic Books, 1982).
Boltanski, Luc and Esquerre, Arnaud, Bereicherung. Eine Kritik der Waren (Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 2018).
Bonnett, Alastair, Left in the Past. Radicalism and the Politics of Nostalgia (New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2010).
Boutefu-Moraitis, Alexis S., ‘The Politics of Deindustrialisation: The Experience of the Textiles and Clothing Sector (1974-1984)’, in French Politics 16:1 (2018), pp. 38–63.
Boym, Svetlana, The Future of Nostalgia (New York: Basic Books, 2001).
Byrne, David, ‘Deindustrialization and Dispossession: An Examination of Social Division in the Industrial City’, in Sociology 29:1 (1995), pp. 95–115.
Clarcke, Jackie, ‘Closing Time: Deindustrialization and Nostalgia in Contemporary France’, in History Workshop Journal 79:1 (2015), pp. 107–125.
Cornelissen, Christoph, ‘Der lange Weg zur historischen Identität. Geschichtspolitik in Nordrhein-Westfalen seit 1946’, in Thomas Schlemmer and Hans Woller (eds.), Politik und Kultur im föderativen Staat, 1949–1973 (Munich: Oldenbourg, 2005), pp. 411–484.
Cowell Margaret, Dealing with Deindustrialization. Adaptive Resilience in American Midwestern Regions (London: Routledge, 2015).
Cowie, Jefferson and Heathcott, Joseph, Beyond the Ruins: The Meaning of Deindustrialization (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003).
Dandaneau, Steven P., A Town Abandoned: Flint, Michigan, Confronts Deindustrialisation (Albany: University of New York Press, 1996).
Davis, Fred, Yearning for Yesterday. A Sociology of Nostalgia (New York: The Free Press, 1979).
Dicks, Bella, Heritage, Place and Comminity (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000).
Dudley, Kathryn Marie, The End of the Line: Lost Jobs, New Lives in Postindustrial America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994).
Edensor, Tim, ‘The Ghosts of Industrial Ruins: Ordering and Disordering Memory in Excessive Space’, in Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 23:6 (2005), pp. 829–849.
Eiringhaus, Pia, Industrie und Natur: Postindustrielle Repräsentationen von Natur und Umwelt im Ruhrgebiet (Bochum: SGR, 2018).
Feifan Xie, Philip, Industiral Heritage Tourism (Bristol: Channel View Publications, 2015).
Fontaine, Marion and Vigna, Xavier (eds.), ‘La Désindustrialisation: une histoire en cours’, in Revue d’Historique 21/22 (2019), pp. 2–17.
Frederick, Katharine, ‘Global and Local Forces in Deindustrialization: The Case of Cotton Cloth in East Africa’s Lower Shire Valley’, in Journal of Eastern African Studies 11:2 (2017), pp. 266–289.
Frevert, Ute, ‘Moral Economics: Present and Past. Social Practices and Intellectual Controversies’, in: idem (ed.), Moral Economies (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 2019), pp. 13–44.
German Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Re-Imagining Work. Green Paper Work 4.0 (Berlin: BMAS, 2015), https://www.bmas.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/PDF-Publikationen/arbeiten-4-0-green-paper.pdf;jsessionid=FD5D548A3D5C42D51FBB9C9B04DC9C27.delivery2-master?__blob=publicationFile&v=1 [accessed 8 October 2020].
Goch, Stefan, Eine Region im Kampf mit dem Strukturwandel. Bewältigung von Strukturwandel und Strukturpolitik im Ruhrgebiet (Essen: Klartext, 2002).
Guano, Emanuela, ‘Touring the Hidden City: Walking Tour Guides in Deindustrializing Genoa’, in City and Society 27:2 (2015), pp. 160–182.
Hall, Peter A. and Skice, David (eds.), Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).
Harris, Nigel, Selected Essays of Nigel Harris: From National Liberation to Globalisation (Leiden: Brill, 2018).
Hassink, R., Hu, X., Shin, D.H., Yamamura, S., Gong, H., ‘The Restructuring of Old Industrial Areas in East Asia’, in Area Development and Policy 3:2 (2018), S. 185–202.
High, Steven, Industrial Sunset: The Making of Americ’s Rust Belt (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003).
High, Steven, MacKinnon, Lachlan and Perchard, Andrew (eds.), The Deindustrialized World: Confronting Ruination in Postindustrial Places (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2017).
High, Steven, One Job Town. Work, Belonging and Betrayal in Northern Ontario (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018).
Jäger, Jens, Heimat in Docupedia-Zeitgeschichte, first published 13 August 2018, https://docupedia.de/zg/Jaeger_heimat_v1_en_2018 [accessed 9 October 2020].
Johnson, Christopher H., The Life and Death of Industrial Languedoc 1700-1920: The Politics of Deindustrialisation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 259.
Johnson, Christopher H., ‘Introduction: De-industrialization and Globalization’, in International Review of Social History 47 (2002), pp. 3–33.
Jones, Owen, Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class (London: Verso, 2011).
Joshi, Chitra, Lost Worlds: Indian Labour and Its Forgotten Histories (New Delhi: Permanent Black, 2003).
Lalic, Bojan et al. (eds.), Advances in Production Management Systems: Towards Smart and Digital Manufacturing, 2 vols (Berlin: Springer, 2020).
Lever, W.F., ‘Deindustrialization and the Reality of the Post-industrial City’, in Urban Studies 28:6 (1991), pp. 983–999.
Lewis, David W., Corporate Wasteland: The Landscape and Memory of Deindustrialization (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2007).
Linkon, Sherry Lee, The Half-Life of Deindustrialization. Working-Class Writing About Economic Restructuring (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2018).
Loomis, Dana, Richardson, David B. and Bena, James F., ‘Deindustrialisation and the Long Term Decline in Fatal Occupational Injuries’, in: Occupational and Evironmental Medicine 61 (2004), pp. 616–621.
López-Alves, Fernando, and Johnson, Diane E. (eds.), Populist Nationalism in Europe and the Americas (London: Routledge, 2018).
MacKinnon, Lachlan, Closing Sysco. Industrial Decline in Atlantic Canada’s Steel City (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2020).
Mah, Alice, Industrial Ruination, Community and Place: Landscapes and Legacies of Urban Decline (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012).
Martin, Ron and Rowthorn, Bob (eds.), The Geography of Deindustrialization (Basingstoke: Palgrave, [1986] 2012).
Moitra, Stefan and Nogueira, Katarzyna (eds.), ‘Industrial Memories. Oral History and Structural Change’, in BIOS. Zeitschrift für Biographieforschung, (forthcoming).
Mounk, Yasha, The People vs. Democracy, Why Our Freedom Is in Danger and How to Save It (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018).
Paddison, Ronan and Hutton, Tom (eds.), Cities and Economic Change: Restructuring and Dislocation in the Global Metropolis (London: Sage, 2014).
Polanyi, Karl, The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001) (first published in 1944).
Prossek, Achim, ‘Symphatieträger der Region: Erinnerungsort Ruhr’, in Berger, Stefan, Borsdorf, Ulrich, Classen, Ludger, Grütter, Heinrich Theodor, Nellen, Dieter (eds.), Zeit-räume Ruhr: Erinnerungsorte des Ruhrgebiets (Essen: Klartext, 2019), pp. 279–295.
Raphael, Lutz, Jenseits von Kohle und Stahl. Eine Gesellschaftsgeschichte Westeuropas nach dem Boom (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 2019).
Reimer, Mario and Rusche, Karsten, ‘Green Infrastructure Under Pressure: A Global Narrative Between Regional Vision and Local Implementation’, in European Planning Studies (2019), pp. 1542–1563, https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1591346.
Rhodes, James, ‘The “Trouble” with the “White Working-Class”: Whiteness, Class and “Groupism”’, in Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 19:4 (2012), pp. 485–492.
Rhodes, Mark Allen, Price, William R. and Walker, Amy (eds.), Geography of Post-industrial Place, Memory and Heritage (London: Taylor & Francis, 2020).
Schindler, Seth, http://blog.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/the-new-geography-of-deindustrialization-and-the-rise-of-the-right/ [accessed 9 October 2020].
Smith, W. Rand, The Left’s Dirty Job: The Politics of Industrial Restructuring in France and Spain (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998).
Smith, Laurajane, Use of Heritage (London: Routledge, 2006).
Smith, Laurajane and Campbell, Gary, ‘“Nostalgia for the Future”: Memory, Nostalgia and the Politics of Class’, in International Journal of Heritage Studies 23 (2017), S. 612–627.
Smith, Laurajane, Shackel, Paul and Campbell, Gary (eds.), Heritage, Labour and the Working Classes (London: Routledge, 2011).
Smith, Michael Peter and Kirkpatrick, L. Owen (eds.), Reinventing Detroit: The Politics of Possibility (New York: Taylor & Francis, 2017).
Strangleman, T. and Rhodes James T., ‘The “New” Sociology of Deindustrialization? Understanding Industrial Change’, in Sociology Compass 8:4 (2014), pp. 411–421.
Strangleman, T. ‘Deindustrialization and the Historical Sociological Imagination: Making Sense of Work and Industrial Change’, in Sociology 51 (2017), pp. 466–482.
Strangleman, Tim, Voices of Guinness: An Oral History of the Park Royal Brewery (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019).
Thompson, Edward P., ‘The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century’, in Past and Present 50 (1971), pp. 76–136.
Tomlison, Jim, https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit/2017/04/28/de-industrialisation-rather-than-globalisation-is-the-key-part-of-the-brexit-story/ [9 October 2020].
Van Voss, Lex Heerma and van der Linden, Marcel (eds.), Class and Other Identities: Gender Religion and Ethnicity in the Writing of European Labour History (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2002).
Walkerdine, Valerie and Jimenez, Luis, Gender, Work and Community after De-industrialization: A Psychological Approach to Affect (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2012).
Walley, Christine J., Exit 0: Family and Class in Postindustrial Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013)
White, Hayden, The Practical Past (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2014).
Wicke, Christian, Berger, Stefan and Golombeck, Jana (eds.), ‘Special Issue: Deindustrialization, Heritage and Representations of Identity’, in The Public Historian 39:4 (2017).
Wicke, Christian, Berger, Stefan and Golombek, Jana (eds.), Industrial Heritage and Regional Identities (London. Routledge, 2018).
Williams, Raymond, The Country and the City (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973).
Zimmermann, Clemes (ed.), Industrial Cities: History and Future (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 2013).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Berger, S., Musso, S., Wicke, C. (2022). The Unmaking of Industrial Landscapes: The North-Western Italian Industrial Triangle and the Ruhr Region in Germany. In: Berger, S., Musso, S., Wicke, C. (eds) Deindustrialisation in Twentieth-Century Europe. Palgrave Studies in the History of Social Movements. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89631-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89631-7_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-89630-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-89631-7
eBook Packages: HistoryHistory (R0)