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Nanocelluloses for Tissue Engineering Application

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Handbook of Nanocelluloses

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Abstract

The most ubiquitous polymer that exists in nature is cellulose which occupies a predominant position in tissue engineering (TE) technologies mainly due to its beneficial properties such as renewability, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility. Nanostructured cellulose with size not exceeding 100 nm at least in one dimension is referred to as nanocellulose. In TE applications, nanocellulose-based scaffolds have created immense interest owing to its salient characteristic features such as water absorption, water retention, optical transparency, chemo-mechanical properties, special surface chemistry, and biocompatibility. In this chapter, we first provide a brief outline about how nanotechnology principles have impacted TE process to develop functional biomaterials. Then we emphasize in summarizing the family of nanocellulose which includes cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), and bacterial cellulose (BC) that are commonly employed in scaffold development for tissue-specific organ regeneration. A short overview of sources, methodology, physicochemical properties, and applications of different nanocellulose is discussed in depth. Additionally, we also discuss about the application of different nanocellulose-based hydrogels, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, and 3D printed constructs in a multitude of tissue engineering applications. Finally, the future challenges, opportunities, and potentials of nanocellulose are also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The corresponding author acknowledges the financial support received from the Department of Science and Technology (DST)-Science Engineering and Research Board (SERB), Government of India, through Start-up Research (SRG/2019/001157) grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Balaji Mahendiran, Shalini Muthusamy & Gopal Shankar Krishnakumar

  2. Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sowndarya Sampath & S. N. Jaisankar

Authors
  1. Balaji Mahendiran
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  2. Shalini Muthusamy
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  3. Sowndarya Sampath
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  4. S. N. Jaisankar
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  5. Gopal Shankar Krishnakumar
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Correspondence to Gopal Shankar Krishnakumar .

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  1. NanoStruc Research Group Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

    Ahmed Barhoum

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Mahendiran, B., Muthusamy, S., Sampath, S., Jaisankar, S.N., Krishnakumar, G.S. (2022). Nanocelluloses for Tissue Engineering Application. In: Barhoum, A. (eds) Handbook of Nanocelluloses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89621-8_37

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