Skip to main content

A Socio-legal Analysis of the Complexity of Litigating Ancestral Land Rights

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Land Tenure Challenges in Africa

Part of the book series: Economic Geography ((ECOGEO))

  • 412 Accesses

Abstract

Indigenous people are engaged in legal battles to restore their rights to their land. They are not only seeking to undo the injustices of the past, but also ways to improve their livelihoods. Finding a legal way to address their rights to their ancestral lands has evolved as an important politico-legal instrument. Backed by litigators, international treaties, concerned scholars and funding arrangements litigating on ancestral land rights matters has emerged as an important ‘weapon of the weak’. Reclaiming their land appears not so easy and is not so straight forward. We address the recurrent issues, the pitfalls, the challenges that emerge during and after litigation which is only one of the many steps in restoring rights.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    When UNDRIP was adopted in September 2007, 35 African countries became signatories to it, while 3 African countries abstained from voting and 15 African countries were absent when voting took place. See, https://www.un.org/press/en/2007/ga10612.doc.htm.

References

Key Court Cases Referenced

  • African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights v Republic of Kenya (006/2012) (“Ogiek case”)

    Google Scholar 

  • Centre for Minority Rights Development (Kenya), Minority Rights Group International and Endorois Welfare Council (On Behalf of the Endorois Community) v Kenya (276/2003) (“Endorois case”)

    Google Scholar 

  • Government of the Republic of Namibia & Others v Mwilima & Others, Supreme Court Decision, SA 29/01; ILDC 162 (NA 2002), [2002] NASC 8, 7 June 2002

    Google Scholar 

  • Joseph Letuya & 21 Others v Attorney General & 5 Others, Environment and Land Court at Nairobi, Kenya, ELC Civil Suit No. 821 of 2012 (OS): Judgment, delivered 17 March 2014, p. 13, para 7

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy Sesana (First Applicant), Keiwa Setlhobogwa and 241 others, (Second and Further Applicants) v the Attorney General of the Republic of Botswana, High Court of Botswana, Judgment (CCJ 2006) (“CKGR case”)

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • ACHPR (2006) Indigenous people in Africa: the forgotten peoples? African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Banjul

    Google Scholar 

  • Aliber M, Cousins B (2013) Livelihoods after land reform in South Africa. J Agrar Chang 13(1):140–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/joac.12012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arce A, Long N (2000) Reconfiguring modernity and development from an anthropological perspective. In: Arce A, Long N (eds) Anthropology, development and modernities: exploring discourses, counter-tendencies and violence. Routledge, London, pp 1–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Banks N, Hulme D, Edwards M (2015) NGOs, states, and donors revisited: still too close for comfort? World Dev 66(4):707–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.09.028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barelli M (2012) Free, prior and informed consent in the aftermath of the UN declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples: developments and challenges ahead. The Int J Human Rights 16(1):1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.597746

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett G (2015) Deconstructing community. Sociol Rural 55(2):182–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12057

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barry M (2004) Now another thing must happen: Richtersveld and the dilemmas of land reform in post-apartheid South Africa. South Afr J Human Rights 20(3):355–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barume A (2014) Land rights of indigenous peoples in Africa. With special focus on Central, Eastern and Southern Africa—(Second edition, revised and, updated. IWGIA, Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  • Benjamin G (2016) Indigenous peoples: indigeneity, indigeny or indigenism? In: Antons C (ed) Routledge handbook of Asian law, 1st edn. Routledge, Abinton, UK., pp 376–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry S (2008) Ancestral property: land, politics and “the deeds of the ancestors” in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. In: Ubbink J, Amanor K (eds) Contesting land and custom in Ghana: state, chief and the citizen. Leiden University, Leiden, pp 27–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry S (2009) Property, authority and citizenship: land claims, politics and the dynamics of social division in West Africa. Dev Chang 40(1):23–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beyers C (2013) Urban land restitution and the struggle for social citizenship in South Africa. Dev Chang 44(4):965–989. https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beyers C, Fay D (2015) After restitution: community, litigation and governance in South African land reform. Afr Aff 114(456):432–454. https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adv018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bierschenk T, Olivier de Sardan JP (1997) Local powers and a distant state in rural Central African republic. The J Mod Afr Stud 35(3):441–468.https://doi.org/10.2307/161750

  • Bierschenk T, Olivier de Sardan JP (2003) Powers in the village: rural Benin between democratisation and decentralisation. Africa 73(2):145–173.https://doi.org/10.2307/3556886

  • Bierschenk T, Olivier de Sardan JP (eds) (2007) States at work: dynamics of African bureaucracies. Brill Academic Publihser, Leiden/Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierschenk T, Olivier de Sardan JP (eds) (2014) Beyond patrimonialism. States at work: dynamics of African bureaucracies. Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden/Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Bitzer V, Bijman J (2014) Old oranges in new boxes? Strategic partnerships between emerging farmers and agribusinesses in South Africa. J South Afr Stud 40(1):167–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2014.877647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bollig M (2011) Chieftaincies and chiefs in Northern Namibia: intermediaries of power between traditionalism, modernization, and democratization. In: D. J., F. M. (eds) Elites and decolonization in the twentieth century. Palgrave Macmillan, London, pp 157–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Brink S (2005) Legal pluralism in South Africa in view of the Richtersveld case. Stellenbosch Law Rev 16:175–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Capistrano R (2010) Reclaiming the ancestral waters of indigenous peoples in the Philippines: The Tagbanua experience with fishing rights and indigenous rights. Mar Policy 34(3):453–460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carruthers D, Rodriguez P (2009) Mapuche protest, environmental conflict and social movement linkage in Chile. Third World Q 30(4):743–760

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chabeda-Barthe J, Haller T (2018) Resilience of traditional livelihood approaches despite forest grabbing: Ogiek to the West of Mau Forest, Uasin Gishu County. Land 7(4):140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chanock M (1985) Law, custom and social order: the colonial experience in Malawi and Zambia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Chimhowu A, Hulme D, Munro L (2019) The ‘New’ national development planning and global development goals: processes and partnerships. World Dev 120:76–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.03.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chome N, Gonçalves E, Scoones I, Sulle E (2020) ‘Demonstration fields’, anticipation, and contestation: agrarian change and the political economy of development corridors in Eastern Africa. J Eastern Afr Stud 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2020.1743067

  • Claridge L (2018) Litigation as a tool for community empowerment: the case of Kenya’s Ogiek. Erasmus Law Rev 11:57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claridge L (2019) The approach to UNDRIP within the African regional human rights system. The Int J Human Rights 23(1–2):267–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2019.1609761

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Comaroff JL, Comaroff J (2016) Reflections on the anthropology of law, governance and sovereignty. In: von Benda-Beckmann F, von BendaBeckmann K, Eckert J (eds) Rules of law and laws of ruling: on the governance of law. Ashgate Publishing, Farnham, pp 31–60

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • de Wet C, Mgujulwa E (2010) The ambiguities of using restitution as a vehicle for development: an eastern Cape case study. In: Bohlin A, Hall R, Kepe T, Walker C (eds) Land, memory, reconstruction and justice: perspectives on land restitution in South Africa. Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio, pp 198–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Dermann B, Lahiff E, Sjastaad E (2010) Strategic questions about strategic partners. challenges and pitfalls in South Africa’s new model of land restitution. In: Walker C, Bohlin A, Hall R, Kepe T (eds) Land, memory, reconstruction and justice. Perspectives on land claim in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal University Press and Ohio University Press, Scottsville and Athens, pp 306–325

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Giminiani P (2015) The becoming of ancestral land: place and property in Mapuche land claims. Am Ethnol 42(3):490–503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DLRD (2010) Richtersveld local municipality. Rural spatial development framework/land development plan

    Google Scholar 

  • Escobar A (2006) Difference and conflict in the struggle over natural resources: a political ecology framework. Development 49(3):6–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Everingham M, Jannecke C (2006) Land restitution and democratic citizenship in South Africa. J South Afr Stud 32(3):545–562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fay D (2013) Neoliberal conservation and the potential for lawfare: new legal entities and the political ecology of litigation at Dwesa-Cwebe, South Africa. Geoforum 44:170–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert J (2007) Historical indigenous peoples’ land claims: a comparative and international approach to the common law doctrine on indigenous title. Int Comp Law Q 56(3):583–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert J (2017) Litigating indigenous peoples’rights in Africa: potentials, challenges and limitations. Int Comp Law Q 66(3):657–686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert J, Sena K (2018) Litigating indigenous peoples’ cultural rights: comparative analysis of Kenya and Uganda. Afr Stud 77(2):204–222. https://doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2018.1452855

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grosfoguel R (2007) The epistemic decolonial turn: beyond political-economy paradigms. Cult Stud 21(2–3):211–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guyer J (1981) Household and community in African Studies. Afr Stud Rev 24(2/3):87–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hangula L (1998) Ancestral land in Namibia, vol 20. University of Namibia, Multi-disciplinary Research Centre, Social Sciences, Windhoek

    Google Scholar 

  • Harring S, Odendaal W (2002) One day we will all be equal…. A socio-legal perspective on the namibia land reform and resettlement process

    Google Scholar 

  • Hays J, Kronik J (2020) The ILO PRO169 programme: learning from technical cooperation in Latin America and Southern Africa. The Int J Human Rights 24(2–3):191–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hebinck P, Bosma L, Veldwisch GJ (2019) Petrol pumps and the making of modernity along the shores of Lake Victoria, Kenya. Water Alternatives 12(1):13–29. http://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol12/v12issue1/476-a12-1-2/file

  • Hinz M (2010) Justice: beyond the limits of law and the Namibian Constitution. In: Bösl A, Horn N, du Pisani A (eds) Constitutional democracy in Namibia. A critical analysis after two decades. Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Windhoek, pp 149–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock R (2002) “We are the first people”: land, natural resources and identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana. J South Afr Stud 28(4):797–824

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock R (2006) “We are the owners of the land”: the San struggle for the Kalahari and its resources. Senri Ethnol Stud 70:229–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock R, Bartram L (1998) Social boundaries, technical systems, and the use of space and technology in the Kalahari. In: Stark MT (ed) The archaeology of social boundaries. The Smithonian Institution, Washington, pp 12–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock R, Sapignoli M, Main M, Babchuk W (2015) The politics and economics of community-based natural resource management in /Xai/xai, Ngamiland, Botswana. Afr Study Monographs 36(4):211–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobsbawm E, Ranger T (1983) The invention of tradition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Home R, Kabata F (2018) Turning fish soup back into fish: the wicked problem of African community land rights. J Sustain Dev Law Policy 9(2):1–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Igoe J (2003) Scaling up civil society: donor money, NGOs and the pastoralist land rights movement in Tanzania. Dev Chang 34(5):863–885

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaarhus R (2018) Land, investments and public-private partnerships: what happened to the Beira agricultural growth corridor in Mozambique? J Mod Afr Stud 56(1):87–112. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x17000489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kakungulu-Mayambala R (2010) Indigenous people, human rights, and the African problem: the case of the Twa. University of Arizona, Tuscon, Ogiek and Maasai

    Google Scholar 

  • Kidd C (2009) Inventing the “Pygmy”: representing the “Other”, presenting the “Self.” Hist Anthropol 20(4):395–418. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757200903216387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kieyah J (2006) Indigenous people’s land rights in Kenya: a case study of the Massai and Ogiek people. Penn State Environ Law Rev 15:397

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimaiyo JT (2004) Ogiek land cases and historical injustices. Nakuru: Ogiek Welfare Council, Egerton

    Google Scholar 

  • Kingwill R (2013) In the shadows of the cadastre: family law and custom in Rabula and Fingo Village. In: Hebinck P, Cousins B (eds) In the shadow of policy: everyday practices in South Africa’s land and agrarian reform. Wits University Press, Johannesburg, pp 159–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Kofele-Kale N (2007) Asserting permanent sovereignty over ancestral lands: the Bakweri land litigation against Cameroon. Annual Surv Int Comp Law 13:103–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Koot S, Büscher B (2019) Giving land (back)? The meaning of land in the indigenous politics of the south Kalahari Bushmen land claim, South Africa. J South Afr Stud 45(2):357–374. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2019.1605119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koot S, Hebinck P, Sullivan S (2020) Science for success—a conflict of interest? Researcher position and reflexivity in socio-ecological research for CBNRM in Namibia. Soc Nat Resour 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2020.1762953

  • Korman S (2010) Indigenous ancestral lands and customary international law. Univ Hawai’i Law Rev 32:391–462

    Google Scholar 

  • Krämer M (2020) Neotraditional authority contested: the corporatization of tradition and the quest for democracy in the Topnaar traditional authority, Namibia. Africa 90(2):318–338. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972019001062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krige E (1937) The social system of the Zulus. Shuter & Shooter, Pietermaritzburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan C (2009) Selected chiefs, elected councillors and hybrid democrats: popular perspectives on the co-existence of democracy and traditional authority. J Mod Afr Stud 47(1):101–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lubilo R, Hebinck P (2019) ‘Local hunting’ and community-based natural resource management: resistance and livelihoods in Namibia. Geoforum 101:62–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.02.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lund C (2008) Local politics and the dynamics of property in Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • MacKay F (2004) Indigenous peoples’ right to free, prior and informed consent and the World Bank’s extractive industries review. Sustain Dev Law Policy 4(2):24

    Google Scholar 

  • Milgroom J (2015) Policy processes of a land grab: at the interface of politics ‘in the air’ and politics ‘on the ground’ in Massingir, Mozambique. J Peasant Stud 42(3–4):585–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2014.991721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore D (2005) Suffering for territory: race, place, and power in Zimbabwe. Duke University Press, Durham, NC

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mostert H (2010) Chance through Jurisprudence. The role of the courts in broadening the scope of restitution. In: Walker C, Bohlin A, Hall R, Kepe T (eds) Land, memory, reconstruction and justice. Perspectives on land claim in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal University Press and Ohio University Press, Scottsville and Athens, pp 61–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Mostert H, Fitzpatrick P (2004) Law against law: indigenous rights and the Richtersveld cases. Law, Soc Justice Global Dev J 2:1–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Musembi C, Kameri-Mbote P (2013) Mobility, marginality and tenure transformation in Kenya: explorations of community property rights in law and practice. Nomadic Peoples 17(1):5–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse L (2017) Assembling land control after displacement: some reflections from rural Southern Sudan. The J Peasant Stud 44(5):1000–1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2016.1191472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien KJ (1996) Rightful resistance. World Politics 49(1):31–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien KJ (2013) Rightful resistance revisited. J Peasant Stud 40(6):1051–1062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ochien’g D (2017) The Rights to land of indigenous peoples’ in Kenya: a case study of the Ogiek community and the conflict of articles portrayed in the constitution of Kenya. Strathmore University, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauwelussen A (2017) Amphibious anthropology: engaging with maritime worlds in Indonesia. Wageningen University, Wageningen

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce J (2004) Development, NGOs, and civil society: selected essays from development in practice. Oxfam Pubns, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellis A, Lamers M, Van der Duim R (2015) Conservation tourism and landscape governance in Kenya: the interdependency of three conservation NGOs. J Ecotour 14(2/3):130–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2015.1083028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pentassuglia G (2011) Towards a jurisprudential articulation of indigenous land rights. Eur J Int Law 22(1):165–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Platteau JP, Gaspart F (2003) The risk of resource Misappropriation in community-driven development. World Dev 31(10):1687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rambaldi G, Muchemi J, Crawhall N, Monaci L (2007) Through the eyes of hunter-gatherers: participatory 3D modelling among Ogiek indigenous peoples in Kenya. Inf Dev 23(2–3):113–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramutsindela M (2007) Resilient geographies: land, boundaries and the consolidation of the former bantustans in post-1994 South Africa. Geogr J 173(1):43–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robins S (2001) NGOs, “bushmen” and double vision: the ≠Khomani San land claim and the cultural politics of “community” and “development” in the Kalahari. J South Afr Stud 27(4):833–853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robins S (2003) Whose modernity? Indigenous modernities and land claims after apartheid. [research article]. Dev Change 34(2):265–285

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins S, van der Waal K (2008) ‘Model tribes’ and iconic conservationists? The Makuleke restitution case in Kruger National Park. Dev Chang 39(1):53–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkin J, Cook A (2010) The human rights of the San (Bushmen) of Botswana-the clash of the rights of indigenous communities and their access to water with the rights of the state to environmental conservation and mineral resource exploitation. J Transnational Law Policy 20:1

    Google Scholar 

  • Saugestad S (2011) Impact of international mechanisms on indigenous rights in Botswana. The Int J Human Rights 15(1):37–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.529688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schapera I (ed) (1937) The Bantu-speaking Tribes of South Africa. An ethnographical survey. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Solway J (2009) Human rights and NGO ‘Wrongs’: conflict diamonds, culture wars and the ‘Bushman Question.’ Africa 79(3):321–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suzman J (2001) An assessment of the status of the San in Namibia. Legal Assistance Centre, Windhoek

    Google Scholar 

  • Sylvain R (2002) “ Land, water, and truth”: San identity and global indigenism. Am Anthropol 104(4):1074–1085

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thondhlana G, Shackleton S, Muchapondwa E (2011) Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park and its land claimants: a pre-and post-land claim conservation and development history. Environ Res Lett 6(2):024009

    Google Scholar 

  • Twyman C, Morrison J, Sporton D (1999) The final fifth: Autobiography, reflexivity and interpretation in cross-cultural research. Area 31(4):313–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ülgen Ö (2002) Developing the doctrine of aboriginal title in South Africa: source and content. J Afr Law 46(2):131–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Waal CS (2015) Long walk from volkekunde to anthropology: reflections on representing the human in South Africa. Anthropol South Afr 38(3–4):216–234

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Wulp C, Koot S (2019) Immaterial indigenous modernities in the struggle against illegal fencing in the N≠a Jaqna Conservancy, Namibia: genealogical ancestry and ‘San-ness’ in a ‘traditional community.’ J South Afr Stud 45:375–392. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2019.1605693

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veldwisch G (2015) Contract farming and the reorganisation of agricultural production within the Chókwè irrigation system, Mozambique. The J Peasant Stud 42(5):1003–1028. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2014.991722

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vergara E, Barton J (2013) Poverty and dependency in indigenous rural livelihoods: Mapuche experiences in the andean foothills of Chile. J Agrar Chang 13(2):234–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vom Hau M (2015) Gendered mobilization: women and the politics of indigenous land claims in Argentina. In: Archambault CS, Zoomers A (eds) Global trends in land tenure reform gender impacts. Routledge, London, pp 93–110

    Google Scholar 

  • von Benda-Beckmann F (2002) Who’s afraid of legal pluralism? J Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 47:1–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Benda-Beckmann F, Von Benda-Beckmann K, Wiber MC (2006a) The properties of property. In: von Benda-Beckmann F, von Benda-Beckmann K, Wiber MC (eds) Changing properties of property. Berghahn Press, Oxford, pp 1–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Benda-Beckmann F, Von Benda-Beckmann K, Wiber MC (eds) (2006b) Changing properties of property. Berghahn Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker P, Peters P (1998) The meanings of boundaries: contested landscapes of resource use in Malawi. IASCP

    Google Scholar 

  • Zongwe DP (2019) International Law in Namibia. Langaa RPCIG, Bamenda

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Odendaal, W., Hebinck, P. (2021). A Socio-legal Analysis of the Complexity of Litigating Ancestral Land Rights. In: Chitonge, H., Harvey, R. (eds) Land Tenure Challenges in Africa. Economic Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82852-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82852-3_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-82851-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-82852-3

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics