Abstract
Antioxidants are substances that fight free radicals produced in the body due to several intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors such as pollution, smoking, UV radiation, etc. They play a preventive as well as scavenging role in removing the excess free radicals thereby preventing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is capable of disturbing the normal body physiology and may cause lethal diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, etc. The antioxidants have an important role to play with the rapid increase in the external forces causing uncontrolled generation of free radicals. The human body produces its own antioxidants, called endogenous antioxidants. However, some antioxidants are obtained from external sources; these exogenous antioxidants fulfill the dietary requirements of the body. In the present chapter, natural as well as synthetic antioxidants have been discussed with special emphasis on plant-derived antioxidants and their potential applications in the treatment and management of life-threatening diseases. Plants being an all-natural hub for antioxidants have been discussed for their safer use, variety, and dosage. In addition to this, the role of antioxidants in the food, packaging, and cosmetics industry has also been highlighted. This chapter sums up the potential applications as well as working of antioxidants while underscoring its future prospects for further study.
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Abbreviations
- NADPH:
-
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- AOX:
-
Antioxidant
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- RNS:
-
Reactive nitrogen species
- RSS:
-
Reactive sulfur species
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- PET:
-
Photosynthetic electron transport
- BHA:
-
Butylated hydroxyanisole
- BHT:
-
Butylated hydroxytoluene
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- GPx:
-
Glutathione peroxidase
- ALA:
-
Alpha-lipoic acid
- CoQ10:
-
Coenzyme Q10
- RBC:
-
Red blood cell
- CNS:
-
Central nervous system
- MAO:
-
Monoamine oxidase
- AGEs:
-
Advanced glycation end products
- TP:
-
Tea polyphenols
- EFA:
-
Essential fatty acids
- DHA:
-
Docosahexaenoic acid
- AA:
-
Arachidonic acid
- CF:
-
Cystic fibrosis
- CAD:
-
Cardiovascular disease
- HIV:
-
Human immunodeficiency virus
- NO:
-
Nitric oxide
- NAC:
-
N-acetylcysteine
- SARS-CoV-2:
-
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- GSH:
-
Glutathione
- ACE-2:
-
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- AP-1:
-
Activator protein 1
- NF-κβ:
-
Nuclear transcription factor kappa B
- TNFα:
-
Tumor necrosis factor α
- PCOS:
-
Polycystic ovary syndrome
- EDTA:
-
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid
- PLA:
-
Polylactic acid
- LPDE:
-
Polyethylene
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Mehla, N., Chhajer, A.K., Kumar, K., Dahiya, S., Mohindroo, V. (2022). Applications of Antioxidants: A Review. In: Ekiert, H.M., Ramawat, K.G., Arora, J. (eds) Plant Antioxidants and Health. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78160-6_28
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-78159-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-78160-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics