Abstract
Probation is the most common disposition for justice-involved youth. Traditional approaches to probation expect perfect compliance with probation conditions and utilize surveillance strategies to identify noncompliance. Youth have difficulties successfully completing probation, and in many instances receive additional sanctions for noncompliance, including incarceration. Furthermore, traditional approaches to probation are not associated with a reduction in recidivism. These traditional approaches to juvenile probation do not reflect research on cognitive and socioemotional development, nor do they utilize a burgeoning literature on effective interventions for justice-involved youth. This chapter reviews developmental science and its applications to juvenile probation and provides recommendations for reforming juvenile probation in line with developmental science. Next, this chapter discusses how principles of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model and Graduated Response can inform successful approaches to probation reform. This chapter also outlines ideal strategies for youth probation officers to implement during case management. Finally, this chapter concludes with a call for policy changes and recommendations for future research, both of which are crucial to ensure effective juvenile probation reform.
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Haney-Caron, E., Baker, S. (2022). Juvenile Probation Reform: Moving from Surveillance to Effective Intervention. In: Jeglic, E., Calkins, C. (eds) Handbook of Issues in Criminal Justice Reform in the United States. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77565-0_17
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