Abstract
The main aim of this research is to find out the role of digital business in achieving Generation Z human capital sustainability by measuring the extent of relationship between the dependent variable that is Generation Z Human Capital Sustainability and the independent variables that fall under Digital Business which are Social Media Presence, Digitalization of Human Resource Practices, and Digital Work Environment. A quantitative approach has been followed to collect data through the survey method to answer the research question and test it. A purposive sampling method was used. A total of 253 questionnaires were attempted online, out of which 124 were fully complete, as 105 were disqualified due to their ineligibility to fit the research sample requirements, signifying a response rate is 49%. Results have indicated that social media presence has no significant relationship with Gen Z human capital sustainability, while digitalization of HR practices, digitalized work environment, and overall digitalized business environment have a significant relationship with Gen Z human capital sustainability. Based on the research results, the researchers recommended HR leaders can adapt a number of strategies to get the best candidates from the fresh talent pools that is Generation Z. Organizations need to offer more learning and development programs and opportunities in order to keep them engaged. Moreover, organization need to include more flexibility and support innovation and creativity within the workplace.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alshathry, S., Clarke, M., & Goodman, S. (2017). The role of employer brand equity in employee attraction and retention: A unified framework. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 25(3), 413–431.
Aral, S., & Weill, P. (2007). IT assets, organizational capabilities, and firm performance: How resource allocations and organizational differences explain performance variation. Organization Science, 18(5), 763–780.
Arar, T., & Yüksel, İ. (2015). How to manage Generation Z in business life. Journal of Global Economics, Management and Business Research, 4(4), 195–202.
Ardalan, O. (2011). Investigating the effects of IT on employees. Case study: Kermanshah Province West Regional Electricity Distribution Company (Master Thesis). Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj.
Backhaus, K., & Tikoo, S. (2004). Conceptualizing and researching employer branding. Career Development International, 9(5), 501–517.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.
Bascha. (2011). Z: The open source generation [online]. Available at: https://opensource.com/business/11/9/z-open-source-generation
Bernstein, R. (2015). Move over Millennials—Here comes Gen Z [online]. Available at: https://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/move-millennials-gen-z/296577/
Berthon, P., Ewing, M., & Hah, L. (2005). Captivating company: Dimensions of attractiveness in employer branding. International Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 151–172.
Biro, M. (2015). What Gen Z’s arrival in the workforce means for recruiters [online]. Available at: https://www.digitalistmag.com/future-of-work/2015/10/05/what-gen-z-arrival-means-for-recruiters-03509530
Bridge, T. (2015). 5 ways the workplace needs to change to get the most out of Generation Z [online]. Available at: https://www.fastcoexist.com/3049848/5-ways-the-workplace-needs-to-change-to-get-the-most-out-of-generation-z
Brown, O., Shallcross, D., & Stuebs, M. (2019). What is takes for accounting firms to recruit Gen Z. Journal of Accountancy, 228(6), 77–80.
Castells, M. (2010). Globalization, networking, urbanization: Reflections on the spatial dynamics of the information age. Urban Studies, 47(13), 2737–2745.
Chandy, R. (2014). Making your social media strategy work. Business Strategy Review, 25(1), 77–77.
Chesley, N. (2010). Technology use and employee assessments of work effectiveness, workload, and pace of life. Information, Communication & Society, 13(4), 485–514.
Deloitte. (2016). Winning over the next Generation of leaders [online]. Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/About-Deloitte/gx-millenial-survey-2016-exec-summary.pdf
Deobald, U., Busch, T., Schank, C., Weibel, A., Schafheitle, S., Wildhaber, I., & Kasper, G. (2019). The challenges of algorithm-based HR decision-making for personal integrity. Journal of Business Ethics, 160(2), 1–16.
Descos, L., & Gospic, A. M. (2019). Attract and retain Generation Z in the white-collar business sector: How to attract and retain Generation Z in the white-collar business sector?.
Dzinkowski, R. (2000). The measurement and management of intellectual capital: An introduction. Management Accounting: Magazine for Chartered Management Accountants, 78(2), 32–36.
Edwards, M. R. (2017). Employer branding and talent management. In D. Collings, K. Mellahi & W. Cascio (Eds.), The Oxford handbooks of talent manAgement. Oxford University Press.
Flippo, E. (1984). Personnel management (6th ed.). Hill International Edition, Management series.
Foley, B. (2018). Purposive sampling 101 [online]. Available at: https://www.surveygizmo.com/resources/blog/purposive-sampling-101/
Gaidhani, S., Arora, L., & Sharma, B. (2019). Understanding the attitude of Generation Z towards workplace. International Journal of Management, Technology and Engineering, 9, 2804–2812.
Gaur, L., & Anshu, K. (2018). Harnessing potentials of social media in transforming businesses. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.11), 9.
Geyer, C., & Klein, T. (2018). Human resources strategies or integrating Gen Z into labor organization in Germany. WI-[Report], Nr. 003, Friedberg.
Gibbs, M. (2017). How is new technology changing job design? (p. 344). IZA World of Labor.
Globocnik, D., & Salomo, S. (2015). Do formal management practices impact the emergence of bootlegging behavior? Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(4), 505–521.
Goessling, M. (2017). Attraction and retention of generations X, Y, and Z in the workplace. Murray State University [online]. Available at: https://digitalcommons.murraystate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1082&context=bis437.
Hackman, J., & Oldham, G. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250–279.
Half, R. (2015). Get ready for generation [online]. Available at: https://www.roberthalf.com/workplace-research/get-ready-for-generation-z
Hopping, C. (2017). Cutting recruitment costs: The benefits of video interviewing [online]. Available at: https://www.launchpadrecruits.com/insight-articles/recruitment-costs-video-interviewing
Horton, M. (2014). What are some examples of common fringe benefits? [online]. Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/011915/what-are-some-examples-common-fringe-benefits.asp
Kenton, W. (2019). Human capital [online]. Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/humancapital.asp
Kettunen, P., & Laanti, M. (2017). Future software organizations—Agile goals and roles. European Journal of Futures Research, 5(16), 1–15.
Kissel, P., & Buttgen, M. (2015). Using social media to communicate employer brand identity: The impact on corporate image and employer attractiveness. Journal of Brand Management, 22, 755–777.
Knoll. (2014). What comes after Y? Generation Z: Arriving to the office soon [online] Available at: https://www.knoll.com/media/340/742/Infographic_Generation_Z_3pgs.pdf
Kuusisto, M. (2015). Effects of digitalization on organizations. Master of Science thesis. Tampere University of Technology.
Lanier, K. (2017). 5 things HR professionals need to know about Generation Z. Strategic HR Review, 16(6), 288–290.
Lengnick-Hall, M., Neely, A., & Stone, C. (2017). Human resource management in the digital age: Big data, HR analytics and artificial intelligence. In P. N. Melo & C. Machado (Eds.), Management and technological challenges in the digital age (pp. 1–30). CRC Press.
Lockwood, N. (2003). Work/life balance: Challenges and solutions [online] Available at: https://www.academia.edu/6531004/Work_Life_Balance_Challenges_and_Solutions
Manpower. (2016). Millenial careers: 2020 vision [online]. Available at: https://www.manpowergroup.com/wps/wcm/connect/660ebf65-144c-489e-975c-9f838294c237/MillennialsPaper1_2020Vision_lo.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
Mason, H. (2014). Attracting candidates [online]. Available at: https://www.otago.ac.nz/humanresources/toolkit/recruiting/attracting-candidates/
McCrindle, M. (2015). Generation Z digital [online]. Available at: https://generationz.com.au/digital/
McLeod, S. (2008). Likert scale [online]. Available at: https://www.simplypsychology.org/simplypsychology.org-Likert-Scale.pdf
McRobert, C., Hill, J., Smale, T., Hay, E., & Windt, D. (2018). A multi-modal recruitment strategy using social media and internet-mediated methods to recruit a multidisciplinary, international sample of clinicians to an online research study. PLoS ONE, 13(7), 1–17.
Micik, M., & Micudova, K. (2018). Employer brand building: Using social media and career websites to attract generation Y. Economics & Sociology, 11(3), 171–189.
Middlemiss, N. (2015). Why Gen Z will change the way you lead [online]. Available at https://www.hcamag.com/au/news/general/why-gen-z-will-change-the-way-you-lead/142163
Mihelich, M. (2013). Another generation rises. Workforce Management, 92(5), 34–38.
Mueller, J. (2015). Generation Z characteristics [online]. Available at: https://www.ehow.com/info_8056211_generation-characteristics.html
Murray, K. (2016). Leadership Q&A. Nursing Management (Springhouse), 47(1), 56.
Nawaz, N. (2014). HRIS as a tool for effective decision making in select software companies in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 2(1), 90–107.
Nelson, S. (2018). 7 reasons why social media marketing is important for your business [online]. Available at: https://www.digitaldoughnut.com/articles/2018/february/7-reasons-why-social-media-marketing-is-important
Ostermann, H., Staudinger, B., & Staudinger, R. (2009). Benchmarking human resource information systems. In T. Coronas & M. Oliva (Eds.), Encyclopedia of human resources information systems: Challenges in E-HRM. IGI Global.
Ostroff, C., & Bowen, D. (2000). Moving HR to a higher level: Human resource practices and organizational effectiveness. In K. J. Klein & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations (pp. 211–266). Jossey-Bass.
Ozkan, M., & Solmaz, B. (2015). The changing face of the employees—Generation Z and their perceptions of work (A study applied to university students). Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 476–483.
Parry, E., & Urwin, P. (2011). Generational differences in work values: A review of theory and evidence. International Journal of Management Reviews, 13(1), 79–96.
Peck, D. (2013). They’re watching you at work. The Atlantic, 312(5), 72–84.
Pikala, J.-P. (2017). Digital tools—The effects and benefits to recruiting processes. Bachelor’s Thesis. JAMK University of Applied Sciences [online] Available at: https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/139472/Pikala_Jussi-Pekka.pdf?sequence=1
Prakash, N., Krishna, G., & Mores, G. (2019). Digitalization of HRM practice in the present scenario. International Journal of Research in Management Studies, 4(1), 1–5.
Priem, R. L., & Butler, J. E. (2001). Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management perspective research? Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 22–40.
Priporas, C., Stylos, N., & Fotiadis, A. (2017). ‘Generation Z consumers’ expectations of interations in smart retailing: A future agenda. Computers in Human Behavior [Online] Available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/76948414.pdf
Ratna, R., & Kaur, T. (2016). The impact of information technology on job related factors like health and safety, job satisfaction, performance, productivity and work life balance. Journal of Business & Financial Affairs, 5(1), 2–9.
Razali, N., & Wah, Y. (2011). Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests. Journal of Statistical Modeling and Analytics, 2(1), 21–33.
Regovich, D. (2014). Benefits that attract and retain employees [online]. Available at: https://www.plasticsbusinessmag.com/stories/082415/benefits-attract-retain-employees.shtml#.VuwXN9KLTIU
RippleMatch. (2018). Gen Z in the workplace [online]. Available at: https://ripplematch.com/generation-z-workplace-report.pdf
Ronda, L., Valor, C., & Abril, L. (2018). Are they willing to work for you? An employee-centric view to employer brand attractiveness. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 27(5), 573–596.
Rylatt, A. (2003). Measuring know-how. Training and Development, 57(7), 37.
Sadiq, U., Khan, A., Ikhlaq, K., & Mujtaba, B. (2012). The impact of information systems on the performance of human resources department. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 3(4), 77–91.
Samson, H., & Rathee, R. (2018). Digitalization of human resource management: A key towards organizations success [online]. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/36347064/Digitalization_of_Human_Resource_Management_A_key_towards_organizations_success
Schawbel, D. (2014). Gen Z employees: The 5 attributes you need to know [online] Available at: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/236560
Sengupta, A., Bamel, U., & Singh, P. (2015). Value proposition framework: Implications for employer branding. Indian Institute of Management.
SER. (2009). Retrieved from https://www.ser.nl/~/media/DB_Deeladviezen/2000_2009/2009/b27720/b27720_sam.ashx
Sharma, H., & Shukla, S. (2013). Human resource management in digital age: Trends in Indian corporate HR practices. IRC’s International Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Research in Social and Management Sciences, 1(3), 66–77.
Sidorcuka, I., & Chesnovicka, A. (2017). Methods of attraction and retention of Generation Z staff. In CBU International Conference of Innovations in Science and Education. Czech Republic.
Singh, S., & Diamond, S. (2015). Social media marketing for dummies. Wiley.
Slaus, I., & Jacobs, G. (2011). Human capital and sustainability. Sustainability, 3, 97–154.
Smith, A. (2015). Searching for work in the digital era [online]. Available at: https://www.pewinternet.org/2015/11/19/1-the-internet-and-job-seeking/
Sorko, S., Rabel, B., & Richter, H. (2016). The future of employment—Challenges in human resources through digitalization. Industry 4.0, 1(2), 128–131.
Spinellis, D. (2015). Simple online tools to make hiring easier [online]. Available at: https://hbr.org/2015/05/simple-online-tools-to-make-hiring-easier
Stahl, A. (2019). How to manage Generation Z employees [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashleystahl/2019/09/26/how-to-manage-generation-z-employees/#186adf7681ee
Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53–55.
Trost, A. (2019). Human resources strategies: Balancing stability and agility in times of digitization. Springer Nature.
Ulrich, D., & Lake, D. (1991). Organizational capability: Creating competitive advantage. Academy of Management Executive, 5(1), 77–92.
Urbach, N., & Röglinger, M. (2019). Introduction to digitalization cases: How organizations rethink their business for the digital age. In Digital cases (pp. 1–12). Springer International Publishing.
Van Dam, K., van Vuurn, T., & Kemps, S. (2016). Sustainable employment: The importance of intrinsically valuable work and an age-supportive climate. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(17), 2449–2472.
Van Vuuren, T. (2012). Vitality management: One does not need to be ill to get better! Gedrag & Organisatie, 25, 400–418.
Van Vuuren, T., & Van Dam, K. (2013). Sustainable employability by vitalizing: The importance of development opportunities and challenging work for workers’ sustainable employability. In A. De Lange & B. I. J. M. Van der Heijden (Eds.), Life-long employability? Perspectives on sustainable employment at work: interventions and best practices (pp. 357–376). Vakmedianet.
Vuori, V., Helander, N., & Okkonen J. (2018). Digitalization in knowledge work: The dream of enhanced performance. Cognition, Technology & Work.
Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). The nine elements of digital transformation [online]. Available at: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-nine-elements-of-digital-transformation/#article-authors--outside
Wilson, M., Veigas, A., & George, A. (2017). Prospective trends in HRM of Generation Z. Conference Paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shabib, M., Saberi, M., Wadi, R.M.A. (2021). The Role of Digital Business in Achieving Generation Z Human Capital Sustainability. In: Hamdan, A., Hassanien, A.E., Khamis, R., Alareeni, B., Razzaque, A., Awwad, B. (eds) Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Business, Education and Healthcare . Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 954. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72080-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72080-3_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-72079-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-72080-3
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)