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Computer Methods for Localization of the Subthalamic Nucleus During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgeries for Treatment of Parkinson Disease

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Recommender Systems for Medicine and Music

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 946))

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Abstract

In the neurobiological mechanism of Parkinson’s Disease (PD), a certain part of the brain called the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) becomes overactive. This pathologically increased activity inhibits other regions of the brain, causing many symptoms observed in PD patients. The hyperactivity of the STN can be lowered using a special electrical stimulating electrode. In the neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD), the goal is the precise placement of such electrode within the Subthalamic Nucleus. As STN does not significantly differ from adjacent structures on images provided by the CT or MRI, these standard techniques of medical imaging can provide only the approximate localization of the STN. The final localization of the STN has to be pinpointed during surgery. For this, typically, three to five very thin electrodes are inserted into the patient’s brain and advanced towards the expected STN location given by CT and MRI. Electrodes in measured steps approach, traverse, and exit out of the STN. At each step, the neurobiological activity of brain tissue surrounding the leads of the electrodes is recorded. By careful analysis of recordings provided by these electrodes, it is possible to discriminate which recordings were recorded within the STN. This, in turn, gives the extent of the STN in the 3D space on trajectories of the recording electrodes.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to express my gratitude to T. Mandat, MD, PhD of Maria Sklodowska–Curie Memorial Oncology Center in Warsaw, for providing invaluable medical expertise.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Academic Computer Network, ul. Kolska 12, 01-045, Warszawa, Poland

    Konrad A. Ciecierski

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  1. Konrad A. Ciecierski
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Correspondence to Konrad A. Ciecierski .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA

    Zbigniew W. Ras

  2. Department of Multimedia, Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland

    Alicja Wieczorkowska

  3. Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan

    Shusaku Tsumoto

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Ciecierski, K.A. (2021). Computer Methods for Localization of the Subthalamic Nucleus During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgeries for Treatment of Parkinson Disease. In: Ras, Z.W., Wieczorkowska, A., Tsumoto, S. (eds) Recommender Systems for Medicine and Music. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 946. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66450-3_3

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