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Artificial Intelligence in Kidney Pathology

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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

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Abstract

Recent breakthroughs in the classification of thousands of images into defined categories by deep learning has led to the application of these algorithms and models to the field of medicine, particularly in histology and pathology. The evaluation of histological images obtained by a kidney biopsy is a key step in the diagnosis and assessment of disease status in the practice of clinical nephrology. Many studies have investigated how deep learning can be applied to nephropathology to evaluate complex structures present inside the kidneys. In this chapter, we provide a brief discussion on nephropathology and introduce some of the most recent studies on artificial intelligence involving this field. Additionally, we also discuss about the implications of and challenges associated with the application of AI to nephropathology. The studies are divided into three subcategories based on the key objective of the presented study. These include (i) identifying the position of specific structures, especially the glomerulus (detection), (ii) segmentation and identification of various structures present in histological images (segmentation), and (iii) classification of specific images into clinically and pathologically defined categories (classification).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Data Intelligence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Sato Noriaki, Uchino Eiichiro & Okuno Yasushi

  2. Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Sato Noriaki & Uchino Eiichiro

Authors
  1. Sato Noriaki
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  2. Uchino Eiichiro
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  3. Okuno Yasushi
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Correspondence to Okuno Yasushi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Niklas Lidströmer

  2. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Hutan Ashrafian

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Noriaki, S., Eiichiro, U., Yasushi, O. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Kidney Pathology. In: Lidströmer, N., Ashrafian, H. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_181

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_181

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-64572-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-64573-1

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