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The Role of Small Prey in Human Populations of Northwest Patagonia and Its Implications

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Ancient Hunting Strategies in Southern South America

Part of the book series: The Latin American Studies Book Series ((LASBS))

Abstract

The prehistoric rise in the consumption of small prey has traditionally been explained by archaeologist as the result of diet intensification under situations of demographic pressure. However, alternative explanations have been proposed, such as processes of niche differentiation, nutritional decisions that increase reproductive success or processes of complementarity between resources. In particular, studies of Nutritional Ecology, which focuses on the reproductive advantages of the consumption of all the essential nutrients to the human life, rather than the energy return rate per se, provides an alternative explanation for changes in the consumption of small prey. In this study we examine the role of this prey—which includes dasipodids (i.e., piche and peludo), mollusks, birds, small carnivores, rodents, and fish—in the diet of Northwestern Patagonian prehistoric populations, considering different demographic scenarios for the human populations and their most common prey, guanaco. We use zooarchaeological and stable isotope data to describe dietary patterns and changes, and consider the available ethnohistorical information for the exploitation of these resources in the area. Finally, we gather nutritional and socio-ethological data of the fauna from the region and discuss some of the applications and assumptions of prey choice models. We suggest that the role of small prey in human diets in Northwest Patagonia was more important along the Holocene than what is traditionally held and was complementary to the consumption of guanaco in terms of availability and nutritional content and in the costs of obtaining and processing.

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Acknowledgements

We want to thank the editors of the book for their invitation to participate in it and the reviewers who made valuable comments that greatly improved the text. We also thank Lic. Redondo Caamaño and Lic. Della Negra of the Dirección Provincial de Áreas Naturales Protegidas and of the Dirección Provincial de Patrimonio Cultural of Neuquén province. This work was carried out in the framework of projects PIP-729 (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) and PICT-2134 (Agencia de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CONICET-INAPL, 3 de febrero 1370, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Diego D. Rindel

  2. CONICET-FCNyM (UNLP), Calle 60 y 122, La Plata, Argentina

    Florencia Gordón & S. Ivan Perez

  3. FCNyM (UNLP), Calle 60 y 122, La Plata, Argentina

    Bruno Moscardi

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  1. Diego D. Rindel
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  2. Florencia Gordón
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  3. Bruno Moscardi
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  4. S. Ivan Perez
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. CIT Santa Cruz, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Unidad Académica Río Gallegos (UNPA-UARG), Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina

    Juan Bautista Belardi

  2. Instituto Nacional de Antropologia y Pensamiento Latinoamericano (INAPL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Damián Leandro Bozzuto

  3. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano (INAPL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Pablo Marcelo Fernández

  4. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Catamarca (CITCA—CONICET/UNCA), Escuela de Arqueología, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCA), San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina

    Enrique Alejandro Moreno

  5. Departamento de Antropología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael, Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente (CONICET - Universidad Tecnológica Nacional-UTN), San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina

    Gustavo Adolfo Neme

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Rindel, D.D., Gordón, F., Moscardi, B., Perez, S.I. (2021). The Role of Small Prey in Human Populations of Northwest Patagonia and Its Implications. In: Belardi, J.B., Bozzuto, D.L., Fernández, P.M., Moreno, E.A., Neme, G.A. (eds) Ancient Hunting Strategies in Southern South America. The Latin American Studies Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61187-3_8

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