Skip to main content

Adaptation in São Paulo Coastal Zone: Climate Change Management and Anticipatory Governance

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Climate Change Management

Abstract

This chapter discusses two case studies of climate change management. One in Santos and the other a protected area in the Cardoso Island State Park (Enseada da Baleia), focusing on anticipatory adaptation, risk reduction, and resilience in one of the most significant Global South coastal zones. This chapter examines management approaches used in the two cases related to climate change impacts in São Paulo State (Brazil), seeking to strengthen the dialogue between science and policy. The coast of São Paulo has more than 600 km in 15 municipalities, with a total area of 7617 km2. With climate change and increasing extreme events, the region will suffer – and is already suffering – impacts on its territory.

On the other hand, in several studies, a considerable accumulation of knowledge and research concerning these regions’ impacts is already available. In this sense, this chapter analyzes how the knowledge produced has been adopted in public policies, plans, and regional projects. This research confirms the need for a local approach to deal with climate change adaptation concerning Brazil’s territory and realities’ heterogeneity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 899.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 999.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Angulo RJ, Souza MC, Muller ME (2007) Evolução do esporão e consequências da abertura de uma nova desembocadura do Mar do Ararapira (Paraná, Brasil). In: Anais do XI Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Estudo do Quaternário (ABEQUA), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 04–11 novembro 2007

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbi F (2015) Mudanças climáticas e respostas políticas nas cidades. Editora da Unicamp, Campinas

    Google Scholar 

  • Barton JR (2013) Climate change adaptation and socio-ecological justice in Chile’s metropolitan areas: the role of spatial planning instruments. In: Boone C, Fragkias M (eds) Urbanization and sustainability. Human-Environment Interactions, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • BASC – Board nn Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (2010) Adapting to the impacts of climate change. In: America’s climate choices: panel on adapting to the impacts of climate change. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Carmin J et al (2012) Urban climate adaptation in the global south: planning in an emerging policy domain. J Plan Educ Res. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X11430951

  • Chou SC, Marengo JA, Silva AJ et al (2019) Projections of climate change in the coastal area of Santos. In: Nunes LH et al (eds) Climate change in Santos, Brazil: projections, impacts and adaptation options. Springer Nature, Cham, pp 59–73

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chu E, Anguelovski I, Roberts DC (2017) Climate adaptation as strategic urbanism: assessing opportunities and uncertainties for equity and inclusive development in cities. Cities 60:378–387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davoudi S, Crawford J, Mehmood A (2009) Planning for climate change. Strategies for mitigation and adaptation for spatial planners. EarthScan, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Di Giulio GM, Torres RR, Lapola DM et al (2019) Bridging the gap between will and action on climate change adaptation in large cities in Brazil. Reg Environ Chang 19:2503–2505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freitas DM, Carvalho DA, Hosokawa EK (2019) Adapting to a changing climate: an operational space for the local adaptation committee in Santos coastal area. In: Nunes LH et al (eds) Climate change in Santos Brazil: projections, impacts and adaptation options. Springer Nature, Cham, pp 285–302

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gagnon-Lebrun F, Agrawala S (2006) Progress on adaptation to climate change in developed countries: an analysis of broad trends, ENV/EPOC/GSP (2006)1/FINAL. OECD, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Grilli NM, Xavier LY, Jacobi PR, Turra A (2019) Integrated science for coastal management: discussion on a local empirical basis. Ocean Coast Manag 167:219–228

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta J (2007) The multi-level governance challenge of climate change. J Integr Environ Sci 4(3):131–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Harari J, Camargo R, Souza CRG, Nunes LH (2019) Projection and uncertainties of sea level trends in Baixada Santista. In: Nunes LH et al (eds) Climate change in Santos, Brazil: projections, impacts and adaptation options. Springer Nature, Cham, pp 74–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurlimann AC, March AP (2012) The role of spatial planning in adapting to climate change. WIREs Clim Change 3(I5):477–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobi PR, Maia RA (2016) Desafíos y estrategias para fortalecer las relaciones entre ciencia y política en relación al cambio climático. Ambient Soc 19(4):235–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marengo JA, Scarano FR, Klein AF, Souza CRG, Chou SC (2017a) Impacto, vulnerabilidade e adaptação das cidades costeiras brasileiras às mudanças climáticas. In: Marengo JA, Scarano FR (eds) Relatório Especial do Painel Brasileiro de Mudanças Climáticas (PBMC). COPPE-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro

    Google Scholar 

  • Marengo JA, Nunes LH, Souza CRG et al (2017b) A globally-deployable strategy for co-development of adaptation preferences to sea-level rise: the public participation case of Santos, Brazil. Nat Hazards 88(1):39–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marengo JA, Muller-Karger F, Pelling M et al (2017c) An integrated framework to analyze local decision making and adaptation to sea level rise in coastal regions in Selsey (UK), Broward County (USA), and Santos (Brazil). Am J Clim Change 6:403–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marengo JA, Muller-Karger F, Pelling M, Reynolds CJ (2019) The metropole project – an integrated framework to analyse local decision making and adaptive capacity to large-scale environmental change. In: Nunes LH et al (eds) Climate change in Santos, Brazil: projections, impacts and adaptation options. Springer Nature, Cham, pp 3–18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pelling M, Garschagen M (2019) Put equity first in climate adaptation. Nature 569:327–329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quay R (2010) Anticipatory governance – a tool for climate change adaptation. J Am Plan Assoc 67(4):496–511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rickards L, Ison R, Fünfgeld H, Wiseman J (2014) Opening and closing the future: climate change, adaptation, and scenario planning. Environ Plan C: Gov Pol 32(4):587–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues MRC (1955) O Canal do Varadouro. Traço de união do litoral sul paulista com o norte paranaense. Rev Inst Hist Geogr Paranaguá. Ano II 6:7–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi L et al (2016) Roadmap towards justice in urban climate adaptation research. Nature Climate Change. Vol. 6

    Google Scholar 

  • Simões E, Sousa Junior WC, Freitas DM et al (2017) Barriers and opportunities for adapting to climate change on the North Coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Reg Environ Chang 17(6):1739–1750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Souza CRG, Souza AP, Harari J (2019a) Long term analysis of meteorological-oceanographic extreme events for the Baixada Santista region. In: Nunes LH et al (eds) Climate change in Santos, Brazil: projections, impacts and adaptation options. Springer Nature, Cham, pp 97–134

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Souza CRG, Cheliz PM, Costa RP et al (2019b) O processo erosivo na Enseada da Baleia, Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (Cananéia/SP): Exemplo de adaptação a riscos costeiros. In: Jacobi PR, Trani E (eds) Planejando o futuro hoje: ODS 13, adaptação e mudanças climáticas em São Paulo, São Paulo, pp 129–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres PHC (2020) Reaction or anticipation? The role of urban and regional planning in adapting to the climate emergency. Reg Stud Assoc – Regions E-Zine 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres PHC, Cortes PL, Jacobi PR (2020a) Governing complexity and environmental justice: lessons from the water crisis in Metropolitan Sao Paulo (2013–2015). Rev Desenv Meio Amb 53:61–77. https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v53i0.64673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torres PHC, Leonel AL, Araújo GP, Jacobi PR (2020b) Is the Brazilian national climate change adaptation plan addressing inequality? Climate and environmental justice in a global south perspective. Environ Just 14:42–46. https://doi.org/10.1089/env.2019.0043

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torres PHC, Gonçalves DA, Collaço FMA et al (2021) Vulnerability of the São Paulo macro metropolis to droughts and natural disasters: local to regional climate risk assessments and policy responses. Sustain MDPI Open Access J 13(1):114–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Travassos L, Torres PHC, Giulio GM et al (2020) Why do extreme events still kill in the São Paulo macrometropolis? Chronicle of a death foretold in the global south. Int J Urban Sustain Dev 1:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463138.2020.1762197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xavier LY, Jacobi PR, Turra A (2018) On the advantages of working together: social learning and knowledge integration in the management of marine areas. Mar Policy 88:139–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xavier LY, Jacobi PR, Turra A (2019) Local agenda 21: planning for the future, changing today. Environ Sci Policy 101:7–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaoka JG, Cardoso TM, Denardin VF, Alves AR (2019) A comunidade caiçara da Enseada da Baleia e a sua luta pelo território – Cananéia (SP). GUAJU Rev Bras Desenv Territ Sustent 5:138–165

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful for the collaboration of everyone who made this text possible, including those who have been dedicating themselves to issues related to the erosive process in the ICSP, especially to the entire ICSP team, in the person of its manager, Edison R. Nascimento; to the entire FF-SIMA team, in the persons of Mário J. N. Souza and Jeannette Geenen, and Rafael P. Costa for the making of figures; to Ângela Charity, for the English revision of this part of the manuscript; and the communities affected, especially the Enseada da Baleia/Nova Enseada, in the persons of Jorge A. Cardoso and his daughter Tatiana M. Cardoso. We also thank FAPESP – The São Paulo Research Foundation (Grant numbers 2015/03804-9, 2018/06685-9, and 2019/05644-0).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pedro Henrique Campello Torres .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Torres, P.H.C., de Gouveia Souza, C.R., Jacobi, P.R., Barbi, F., Pisciotta, K. (2021). Adaptation in São Paulo Coastal Zone: Climate Change Management and Anticipatory Governance. In: Luetz, J.M., Ayal, D. (eds) Handbook of Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57281-5_117

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics