Abstract
There is a public perception that there is something quintessentially British about the story of the Kindertransport.
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Notes
- 1.
Michael Bond quoted in Julia Llewellyn Smith, ‘Michael Bond: “I Was Worried That I’d Let Paddington Down…”’, The Telegraph, 23 November 2014; http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/11247595/Michael-Bond-I-was-worried-that-Id-let-Paddington-down….html (accessed 5 December 2017).
- 2.
Julia Llewellyn Smith, ‘Michael Bond: “I Was Worried That I’d Let Paddington Down…”’, The Telegraph, 23 November 2014; http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/11247595/Michael-Bond-I-was-worried-that-Id-let-Paddington-down….html (accessed 5 December 2017).
- 3.
See also Jessica Reinisch, ‘History Matters… But Which One? Every Refugee Crisis Has a Context’, 29 September 2015; http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/history-matters-but-which-one-every-refugee-crisis-has-a-context (accessed 1 December 2017) and Jennifer Craig-Norton, ‘Contesting the Kindertransport as a ‘Model’ Refugee Response’ in European Judaism, Vol. 50, Issue 2, September 2017, pp. 24–33.
- 4.
The text of Amendment 116 A read ‘The Secretary of State must, as soon as possible after the passing of this Act, make arrangements to relocate to the United Kingdom and support a specified number of unaccompanied refugee children from other countries in Europe.’ https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2016-03-21/debates/AAE552DF-70A7-4220-8B67-D59EAA007FF4/ImmigrationBill (accessed 14 December 2017).
- 5.
See Hansard Online, https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2016-03-21/debates/AAE552DF-70A7-4220-8B67-D59EAA007FF4/ImmigrationBill (accessed 14 December 2017).
- 6.
Karen McVeigh, Heather Stewart, and Rowena Mason, ‘Fresh Proposal to Help Child Refugees Stranded in Europe Tabled’, The Guardian, 26 April 2016; https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/apr/26/fresh-proposal-to-help-child-refugees-stranded-in-europe-tabled (accessed 1 December 2017).
- 7.
Claudia Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung. Die Kindertransporte 1938/39 nach Groβbritannien (Berlin: Metropol, 2006), pp. 39–42.
- 8.
Louise London, Whitehall and the Jews 1933–1948. British Immigration Policy and the Holocaust (Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 2000), p. 16.
- 9.
London, Whitehall and the Jews 1933–1948, p. 17.
- 10.
Quoted in London, Whitehall and the Jews 1933–1948, p. 99.
- 11.
For aspects on the organisation history of the Kindertransport see Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung; see also Vera K. Fast, Children’s Exodus. A History of the Kindertransport (London: I.B. Tauris, 2011); see also Judith Tydor Baum el Schwartz, Never Look Back. The Jewish Refugee Children in Great Britain, 1938–1945 (West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 2012).
- 12.
Barry Turner, … And the Policeman Smiled. 10 000 Children Escape from Nazi Europe (London: Bloomsbury, 1990).
- 13.
London, Whitehall and the Jews 1933–1948, p. 118.
- 14.
Marion Kaplan, Der Mut zum Überleben. Jüdische Frauen und Familien in Nazideutschland (Berlin: Aufbau, 2001), pp. 140–156.
- 15.
Edith Milton, The Tiger in the Attic. Memories of the Kindertransport and Growing Up English (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005), p. 3.
- 16.
Ruth David, Child of Our Time. A Young Girl’s Flight from the Holocaust (London: I.B.Tauris, 2003), p. 16.
- 17.
Martha Blend, A Child Alone (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 1995), p. 32.
- 18.
Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung, p. 31.
- 19.
See Ute Benz, ‘Traumatisierung durch Trennung. Familien-und Heimatverlust als kindliche Katastrophen’ in Wolfgang Benz, Claudia Curio, and Andrea Hammel (eds.), Die Kindertransporte 1938/39. Rettung und Integration, (Frankfurt/Main: Fischer Taschebuch Verlag, 2003), pp. 136–155.
- 20.
D. Edinger, ‘Ver Sacrum? Fragen einer Mutter’, in Blätter des jüdischen Frauenbundes (November 1933), pp. 1–2.
- 21.
Milena Roth, Lifesaving Letters. A Child’s Flight from the Holocaust (London: University of Washington Press, 2004), p. 65.
- 22.
Completed form ‘O’, dated 14 June 1939, Collection Israelitische Kutlusgemeinde Wien, XXII. Fuersorge-und Wohlfahrtswesen, F. Jugendfuersorge, 7. Kinderauswanderung, Korrespondenzen ueber bereits abgereiste Kinder, 1938–1939, A/W 1962, Box 560, Central Archive for the History of the Jewish People, Jerusalem.
- 23.
William Dieneman, ‘From Berlin to Aberystwyth: The Life History of a Former Kindertransportee’, 20 March 2012; https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/en/activities/from-berlin-to-aberystwyth-the-life-history-of-a-former-kindertransportee(4748c198-6360-4eb8-9b4d-f2888f1d1812).html (accessed 14 February 2019).
- 24.
London, Whitehall and the Jews 1933–1948, p. 276.
- 25.
Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung, pp. 58–63.
- 26.
See Susan Cohen, Rescue the Perishing: Eleanor Rathbone and the Refugees (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2010).
- 27.
For an excerpt of ‘Lord Baldwin’s Appeal for Refugees’ BBC radio broadcast aired 8 December 1938, see https://vimeo.com/117834111 (accessed 14 February 2019).
- 28.
Richard Hawkins, ‘The Lord Baldwin Fund for Refugees, 1938–39: A Case Study of Third Sector Marketing in Pre-World War II Britain’, in Leighann C. Neilson (ed.), Varieties, Alternatives, and Deviations in Marketing History: Proceedings of the 16th Biennial Conference on Historical Analysis and Research in Marketing (CHARM) (Copenhagen, Denmark: CHARM Association, 2013), pp. 82–105.
- 29.
Quoted in Rebekka Göpfert, Der jüdische Kindertransport von Deutschland nach England 1938/39 (Frankfurt/Main: Campus, 1999), p. 92.
- 30.
See Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung and Jana Leichsenring, Die Katholische Kirche und ‘ihre’ Juden (Berlin: Metropol, 2003).
- 31.
Curio, Verfolgung, Flucht, Rettung, pp. 83–92.
- 32.
See Fast, Children’s Exodus, pp. 41–59.
- 33.
http://www.ajr.org.uk/kindersurvey (accessed 18 february 2017).
- 34.
See Ruth Barnett, Person of No Nationality: A Story of Childhood Separation, Loss and Recovery (London: David Paul Books, 2011).
- 35.
Refugee Children’s Movement, Third Annual Report, 1941, Central British Fund for World Jewish Relief, National Archives London, ACC/2793.
- 36.
See Mike Levy, ‘We Must Save the Children’, exhibition and talk, January 2017, Newnham College Cambridge; Gertrude Dubrovsky, Six from Leipzig (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2004), especially chapters 2, 3 and 4.
- 37.
Sybil Oldfield, ‘“It is usually She”: The Role of British Women in the Rescue and Care of the Kindertransport Kinder’, in Wolfgang Benz, Claudia Curio, and Andrea Hammel (eds.), Shofar. An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 23, No. 1, Fall 2004, pp. 57–70.
- 38.
Ann Chadwick, Suzie. The Little Girl Who Changed Our Lives (Cambridge: Keystage Arts and Heritage Company, 2012).
- 39.
Tony Kushner, Remembering Refugees: Then and Now (Manchester University Press, 2006), p. 141.
- 40.
Jake Wallis Simons, The English German Girl (London: Polygon, 2011).
- 41.
Jake Wallis Simons in an email to Andrea Hammel, 14 May 2011.
- 42.
For example, the Guardian newspaper ran a series of articles between 6 and 10 November 2018, covering many different aspects of individual Kindertransportees’ stories, see for example https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/08/the-kindertransport-children-80-years-on-when-i-was-14-my-mother-appeared-out-of-nowhere (accessed 13 February 2019).
- 43.
Kushner, Remembering Refugees, p. 165.
- 44.
See https://www.gov.uk/government/news/community-sponsorship-scheme-launched-for-refugees-in-the-uk (accessed 12 December 2017) for details of the Community Sponsorship Scheme. The scheme was launched on 19 July 2016 by the Home Secretary Amber Rudd and the Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby.
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Hammel, A. (2020). ‘I Remember Their Labels Round Their Necks’ Britain and the Kindertransport. In: Lawson, T., Pearce, A. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Britain and the Holocaust. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55932-8_5
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