Abstract
Turkey has always been a strong supporter of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and has worked towards integration of SDGs into its national policies. Turkey has adopted and successfully integrated the concept of “sustainable development” into its NDPs, laws, strategies, and policy documents since the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development. Turkey adopts a holistic approach towards the SDGs and associated SDG targets as interacting with each other. In this context, a strong energy-climate nexus of interactions is especially obvious between SDG 7 and SDG 13. Achieving clean energy in the framework of SDG 7 has clear linkages with SDG 13, since it is mainly focusing on increasing the share of renewables and improving energy efficiency, which would contribute to the SDG 13 targets for combatting global climate change by emission reduction. Turkey’s GHG emission projections and performance are at the center of clean energy-climate action nexus. An increase in the use of renewable energy (target 7.2) and increased energy efficiency (target 7.3) have impact on the environment. This increase would not only serve for the main goal of ensuring access to clean energy for all but also is a critical tool in strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards (target 13.1) and combat with global climate change and GHG emissions. Turkey is working towards achieving these interacting targets simultaneously. Turkey has ambitious policies for ensuring access to clean energy by focusing on increasing the share of renewables and improving energy efficiency in the framework of SDG 7 and sees this policy as a major contribution to achieve SDG 13 targets for combatting global climate change by emission reduction.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Bibliography
Legislative Documents
Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (AFAD) Strategic Plan (2013–2017), https://www.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/afad.gov.tr/2402/files/afadsp2013-2017.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
General Directorate of Energy Affairs, Electrical Energy Market and Supply Security Strategy (2009), https://www.eigm.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2f4%2fDocuments%2fEnerji%20Politikas%C4%B1%2fElectricity%20Market%20and%20Security%20of%20Supply%20Strategy%20Paper.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
General Directorate of Energy Affairs, Electrical Energy Sector Reform and Privatization Strategy (2004), https://www.eigm.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2f4%2fDocuments%2fEnerji%20Politikas%C4%B1%2fElektrik%20Enerjisi%20Sekt%C3%B6r%C3%BC%20Reformu%20ve%20%C3%96zelle%C5%9Ftirme%20Strateji%20Belgesi.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
General Directorate of Energy Affairs, Turkey National Renewable Energy Action Plan (2014–2019), https://www.eigm.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2f4%2fDocuments%2fEnerji%20Politikas%C4%B1%2fNational_Renewable_Energy_Action_For_Turkey.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MENR), Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı Stratejik Planı (2015–2019), https://enerji.gov.tr/File/?path=ROOT%2f1%2fDocuments%2fStratejik%20Plan%2fETKB%202015-2019%20Stratejik%20Plani.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MENR), Enerji Verimliliği Strateji Belgesi (2012–2023), https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/02/20120225-7.htm (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Official Gazzette, Regulation on Renewable Energy Zones, “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynak Alanlari Yönetmeliği,” http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/10/20161009-1.htm (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Presidency of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget, “Turkey’s 8th National Development Plan,” http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Eight-Five-Year-Development-Plan-2001-2005.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Presidency of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget, “Turkey’s 9th National Development Plan,” http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Ninth_Development_Plan_2007-2013.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Presidency of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget, “Turkey’s 10th National Development Plan,” http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Onuncu-Kalk%C4%B1nma-Plan%C4%B1-2014-2018.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Presidency of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget, “Turkey’s 11th National Development Plan,” http://www.sbb.gov.tr//wp-content/uploads/2019/07/On-Birinci-Kalkinma-Plani.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Presidency of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget, “Turkey’s 7th National Development Plan,” http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Yedinci-Be%C5%9F-Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k-Kalk%C4%B1nma-Plan%C4%B1-1996-2000%E2%80%8B.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Turkey’s 2nd VNR, 2019, Sustainable Development Goals, “Strong Ground towards Common Goals,” https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/23862Turkey_VNR_110719.pdf (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
Turkey’s Action Plan to Combat Erosion (2013–2017), https://www.ogm.gov.tr/ekutuphane/Yayinlar/Erozyonla%20M%C3%BCcadele%20Eylem%20Plan%C4%B1.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s Disaster Response Plan, Türkiye Afet Müdahale Planı (TAMP) (2013), https://www.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/afad.gov.tr/2419/files/Afet_Mud_Pl_ResmiG_20122013.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Climate Change Strategy, Türkiye İklim Değişikliği Stratejisi (2010–2023), https://www.gmka.gov.tr/dokumanlar/yayinlar/Turkiye-Iklim-Degisikligi-Stratejisi.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Turkey’s National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, Ulusal Enerji Verimliliği Eylem Planı (2017–2023), http://www.yegm.gov.tr/document/20180102M1_2018.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Turkey’s National Biological Diversity Strategy and Action Plan, Ulusal Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2007–2017), http://www.milliparklar.gov.tr/dosyalar/nbap.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Drought Management Strategy and Action Plan, Ulusal Kuraklık Yönetimi Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı (2017–2023), https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SYGM/Belgeler/Ulusal%20Kurakl%C4%B1k%20Y%C3%B6netimi%20Strateji%20Belgesi%20ve%20Eylem%20Plan%C4%B1/Ulusal%20Kurakl%C4%B1k%20Y%C3%B6netimi%20Strateji%20Belgesi%20ve%20Eylem%20Plan%C4%B1.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Program and Action Plan to Decrease the Negative Effects of Climate Change on Health, İklim Değişikliğinin Sağlık Üzerine Olumsuz Etkilerinin Azaltılması UlusalProgramı ve Eylem Planı, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/cevre-sagligi/2-ced/iklim-degisikligi/Iklim_Degisikligi_Eylem_Plani.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Strategy and Action Plan for Combatting Agricultural Drought, Tarımsal Kuraklıkla Mücadele Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2018–2022), https://istanbul.tarimorman.gov.tr/Belgeler/KutuMenu/KuraklikEylemPlani/Kurakl%C4%B1k%20Kitab%C4%B1%20%C4%B0c%20Sayfalar.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Strategy and Action Plan to Combat Desertification, Çölleşme ile Mücadele Ulusal Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2015–2023), https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/CEM/Belgeler/collesme%20belgeleri%20arsiv/Sayfa04/%C3%87%C3%96LLE%C5%9EME_16X23.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Waste Management and Action Plan, Ulusal Atık Yönetimi ve Eylem Planı (2016–2023), https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/cygm/haberler/ulusal_at-k_yonet-m–eylem_plan–20180328154824.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkey’s National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan, Türkiye’nin İklim Değişikliği Uyum Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2011–2023), https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/editordosya/uyum_stratejisi_eylem_plani_TR.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Turkey’s National Earthquake Strategy and Action Plan, Ulusal Deprem Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (2012–2023), https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/08/20110818-13-1.pdf (Last accessed October 25, 2019).
Turkish Coal Corporation, TKİ Stratejik Planı (2015–2019), http://www.tki.gov.tr/depo/2017/TKi_StratejikPlan.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Turkish Coal Corporation, TKİ Stratejik Planı (2019–2023), http://www.tki.gov.tr/depo/file/TK%C4%B0_2019_2023_Stratejik_Plan.pdf (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation, TEİAŞ Stratejik Planı (2015–2019), https://www.teias.gov.tr/tr-TR/stratejik-plan (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
Other Documents
Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), Sustainable Development Report 2019, https://www.sdgindex.org/reports/sustainable-development-report-2019/ (Last accessed October 29, 2019).
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MENR), https://www.enerji.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Elektrik (Last accessed October 30, 2019).
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MENR), https://www.enerji.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Komur (Last accessed October 30, 2019).
The World Bank, https://data.worldbank.org/country/turkey (Last accessed October 2, 2019).
UNFCCC, “Parties & Observers,” https://unfccc.int/parties-observers (Last accessed October 18, 2019).
UNFCCC, 2015, Republic of Turkey, Intended Nationally Determined Contribution, https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Turkey/1/The_INDC_of_TURKEY_v.15.19.30.pdf, 2 (Last accessed September 20, 2019).
UNFCCC, 2016, “Report on Turkey’s 6th National Communication,” FCCC/IDR.6/TUR, http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2016/idr/tur06.pdf, 29 (Last accessed September 30, 2019).
UNFCCC, 2018, “Turkey’s 7th National Communication,” https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/496715_Turkey-NC7-1-7th%20National%20Communication%20of%20Turkey.pdf (Last accessed September 18, 2019).
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), “World Leaders Adopt Sustainable Development Goals,” September 25, 2015, https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2015/09/24/undp-welcomes-adoption-of-sustainable-development-goals-by-world-leaders.html (Last accessed August 2, 2019).
United Nations Statistics Division, Sustainable Development Goal indicators website, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/Working-Group-ToR–Interlinkages.pdf (Last accessed September 18, 2019).
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/goal-13/ (Last accessed September 20, 2019).
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/goal-07/ (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
United Nations, Economic and Social Council, “Special Edition: Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals,” https://undocs.org/E/2019/68, 18 (Last accessed October 2, 2019).
United Nations, Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/vnrs/ (Last accessed October 21, 2019).
United Nations, Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg7 (Last accessed October 15, 2019).
United Nations, Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/195532018_background_notes_SDG_7Final1.pdf (Last accessed October 17, 2019).
United Nations, Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg13 (Last accessed October 12, 2019).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pekar, Ç. (2020). Turkey and Sustainable Development Goals: A Nexus Approach to Clean Energy and Climate Action. In: Shabliy, E.V., Kurochkin, D., Crawford, M.J. (eds) Discourses on Sustainability. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53121-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53121-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-53120-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-53121-8
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)