Abstract
The relative openness of two substantial economic powerhouses in the global market, through the so called ‘Special Economic Zone’ has served as the engine of continuous economic growth, while acting as the foundations for the regional development plans for both China and India alike. Ever since the 40th anniversary of the opening-up of four of the now most significantly industrialized cities in China—there has been an upsurge in modernization initiatives. As such, the paper investigates various approaches towards economic liberalization since the mid-1970s, assessing the disparities in development routes taken by China and India as well as their attitudes towards economic progression. Further, critical assessment of each countries path towards globalization is explicated—addressing the differences in their historical approach towards such ‘industrial openness.’ In addition, the paper illustrates the disparate socio-cultural constraints that exist; such as the issues of caste and religious networks in Gujarat, India and the ensuing restrictions that are prevalent across Indian society. The SEZ policy implications that are much-determined by the role of the central government, and the efficacy of the governments’ will in engaging with the international economic development climate is further explored—with reference to their potential future growth trajectories, which will again be determined by actions of government-derived forces.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization was continuously criticized by Mao (Wilson Center) and it served as one of the main concerns for Mao in choosing his successor.
- 2.
There were several songs in Beijing and Shanghai that talked about Jang Chung and her romance with Mao.
- 3.
According to the Chinese Communist Party index, there were eight wise persons in the party; Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun, Li Xiannian, Ye Jianying, Peng Zhen, Yang Shangkun, Bo Yibo and Deng Ingchao (Zhou Enlai’s wife).
- 4.
In his article, MacFarquhar said (p. 290) ‘Deng Xiaoping and his principal supporters, Ye Jianying and Li Xiannian’ both founding members, were fundamentalists and did not show any specific favors to Deng until 1984 when the SEZs had presented successful progress.
- 5.
It was designed and serious contended by Hua.
- 6.
It meant that ‘support firmly whatever decisions Chairman Mao made, and to follow persistently whatever directives Chairman Mao gave’ and it was regarded as a golden rule for Hua when he came to power (BR, Jan. 1979).
- 7.
This was designed and implemented by one of Deng’s favorite reformers, Wan Li. He started the railway construction in Xuzhou, where the main junctions of the eastern and middle parts of China were facilitated under the name of ‘zungdon’ (Vogel 2011, p. 114).
- 8.
The Central Government promised to pledge 2% of the total investment, however it proved to be less than the overall 2% of the total investment finances Wen Wie Po (1990).
References
Bachman, D. M. (1985). Chen Yun and the Chinese political system. China Research Monograph no. 29. Institute of East Asian Studies. Berkeley: University of California.
Brown, K., & Van Nieuwenhuizen, S. (2009). Mao’s life after death. Asia, September 9, 2016 Retrieved September 12, 2019, from https://www.zedbooks.net/blog/posts/maos-second-coming/
Central Chinese Communist Part Literature Research Office. (Ed.). (2009). A chronology of Deng Xiaoping 1904-1974. Beijing: Zhongyang Wenxian (In Chinese).
China Daily Newspaper. (2010). Various issues.
Crane, G. T. (1990). The political economy of China’s special economic zones. New York: M. E. Sharpe.
Crane, G. T. (1994). Special things in special ways: National economic identity and China’s special economic zones. The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 32, 71–92.
Domes, J. (1985). The government and politics of the PRC: A time of transition. London: Westview.
Gao fe. (2009). The period of three horses (in Japanese). Myunggyung Press (In Chinese).
Goldman, M., & MacFarquhar, R. (1999). The paradox of China’s post-Mao reforms. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Goodman, D. S. G., & Segal, G. (1994). China deconstructs: Politics, trade and regionalism. London: Routledge.
Groves, S. (1991). China’s open-door policy. In R. F. Derenberger, K. J. DeWoskin, S. M. Goldstein, R. Murphey, & M. K. Whyte (Eds.), The Chinese: Adapting the past facing the future. Ann Arbor, MI: Centre for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan Press.
Hutton, W. (2007). Writing on the wall: China and the west in the 21st century. London: Little, Brown.
Jaggi, G., Rundle, M., Rosen, D., & Takahashi, Y. (1996). China’s economic reforms: Chronology and statistics (Institute for International Economics Working Paper 96-5).
Kenji, H. (1993). Historical approach on Chinese economy. Hanwool (In Korean translation version).
Li, L. (2009). Breaking through: The birth of China’s opening-up policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Li, Kashing foundation archive materials.
Liu, P.-W. (1992). China’s economic reform and development strategy of Pearl River Delta. Hong Kong: Nanyang Commercial Bank.
MacFarquhar, R. (Ed.). (2011). The politics of China: Sixty years of the People’s Republic of China. New York: Cambridge University Press.
McKenney, K. I. (1993). An assessment of China’s special economic zones. Executive Research Project S94, The Industrial College of the Armed Forces.
Moberg, L. (2015). The political economy of special economic zones. The Journal of Institutional Economics, 11, 167–190.
Mukherjee, P., Arnab K. Deb & Miao Pang (2016) (ed.), China and India: History Culture, Cooperation and Competition, Sage
Peking Review from July 1973 till Dec. 1980 printed in English.
Scott, B. R. (2006). The political economy of capitalism (Harvard Business School Working Paper 07-037). Retrieved June 12, 2019, from https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=23129
Sheng, N., & Tang, U. W. (2013). Zhuhai. Cities, 32, 70–79.
Soundarapandian, M. (2012) (Ed.), Development of Special Economic Zones in India: Impact and Implication, Concept Publishing Company vol. II
Teiwes, F. C. (1995). The paradoxical post-Mao transition: From obeying the leader to ‘normal politics’. The China Journal, 34, 55–94.
Teiwes, F. C., & Sun, W. (2011). China’s new economic policy under Hua Guofeng: Party consensus and party myths. The China Journal, 66, 1–23.
Teiwes, F. C., & Sun, W. (2013). China’s economic reorientation after the third plenum: Conflict surrounding “Chen Yun’s readjustment program, 1979-80”. The China Journal, 70, 163–187.
Vogel, E. F. (2011). Deng Xiaoping and the transformation of China. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.
Wen Wei Po (Shenzhen Special Zone Daily), 20 November 1990 (In Chinese).
Wilson Center. Cold War International History Project. Bulletin. Retrieved April 21, 2019, from https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/CWIHPBulletin8-9_p4.pdf
Wu, G. (2010). History of People’s Republic of China 1977–1991. Beijing: Renmin (In Chinese).
Yang, B. (1997). Deng: A political biography. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
Yeung, Y. M., & Chu, D. K. Y. (Eds.). (1994). Guangdong: Survey of a province undergoing rapid change. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.
Yeung, Y.-M., Lee, J., & Kee, G. (2009). China’s special economic zones at 30. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 50(2), 222–240.
Zhao, Z. (2009). Prisoner of the state: The secret journal of premier Zhao Ziyang. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Zheng, T. (1991). Networks in the economic geography of the Pearl River Delta centred around Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macau. Zhongshan daxue xuebao bianjibu, Guangzhou (In Chinese).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kim, YC. (2020). Assessing the Role of Local Governments in Line with the ‘Special Economic Zones’ Agenda: Case on Shenzhen in Guangdong and Kandla Export Processing Zone in Gujarat, India. In: Kim, YC. (eds) China-India Relations. Understanding China. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44425-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44425-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-44424-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-44425-9
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)