Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Intussusception in Children: Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics

Part of the book series: Evidence-Based Imaging ((Evidence-Based Imag.))

  • 58 Accesses

Abstract

Intussusception is an acquired invagination of the bowel into itself; it may occur anywhere along the length of the bowel from the stomach into the esophagus to the rectum. It is an emergency where a delay in diagnosis increases the risk of bowel perforation, obstruction, and necrosis.Ultrasound is the accepted imaging modality of choice for the initial evaluation and diagnosis of intussusception. It has higher accuracy for diagnosis of intussusception than plain radiographs and higher diagnostic accuracy in identifying pathologic lead points and complications than plain radiographs or fluoroscopy-guided enema. Additionally, ultrasound is now more widely available than other imaging methods. There is no role for CT or MRI in the initial diagnosis of intussusception. However, CT can accurately diagnose intussusception in cases outside the typical age range or with atypical clinical presentation.Image-guided enema is widely accepted for the initial management of intussusception. Most studies suggest equivalency between fluoroscopic and ultrasound guidance regarding successful reduction rates, recurrence, and outcomes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Edwards EA, Pigg N, Courtier J, Zapala MA, MacKenzie JD, Phelps AS. Intussusception: past, present and future. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47(9):1101–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bisset GS, Kirks DR. Intussusception in infants and children: diagnosis and therapy. Radiology. 1988;168(1):141–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Applegate KE, Sadigh G. Intussusception in infants and children: diagnostic evidence-based emergency imaging and treatment. In: Kelly A, Cronin P, Puig S, Applegate KE, editors. Evidence-based emergency imaging: optimizing diagnostic imaging of patients in the emergency care setting. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2018. p. 567–82.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Lin SL, Kong MS, Houng DS. Decreasing early recurrence rate of acute intussusception by the use of dexamethasone. Eur J Pediatr. 2000;159(7):551–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Navarro O, Dugougeat F, Kornecki A, Shuckett B, Alton DJ, Daneman A. The impact of imaging in the management of intussusception owing to pathologic lead points in children. A review of 43 cases. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30(9):594–603.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang Y, Dong Q, Li S-X, Ren W-D, Shi B, Bai Y-Z, et al. Clinical and ultrasonographic features of secondary intussusception in children. Eur Radiol. 2016;26(12):4329–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Parashar UD, Holman RC, Cummings KC, Staggs NW, Curns AT, Zimmerman CM, et al. Trends in intussusception-associated hospitalizations and deaths among US infants. Pediatrics. 2000;106(6):1413–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Withdrawal of rotavirus vaccine recommendation. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999;48(43):1007.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Rotavirus vaccines | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jan 19]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/rotavirus/vaccination.html

  10. Tapiainen T, Bär G, Bonhoeffer J, Heininger U. Evaluation of the Brighton Collaboration case definition of acute intussusception during active surveillance. Vaccine. 2006;24(9):1483–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Case Definitions Archives – Brighton Collaboration [Internet]. [cited 2022 Aug 1]. Available from: https://brightoncollaboration.us/category/pubs-tools/case-definitions/

  12. Usang UE, Inah GB, Inyang AW, Ekabua AT. Intussusception in children: comparison between ultrasound diagnosis and operation findings in a tropical developing country. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2013;10(2):87–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Harrington L, Connolly B, Hu X, Wesson DE, Babyn P, Schuh S. Ultrasonographic and clinical predictors of intussusception. J Pediatr. 1998;132(5):836–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Singh JV, Kamath V, Shetty R, Kumar V, Prasad R, Saluja T, et al. Retrospective surveillance for intussusception in children aged less than five years at two tertiary care centers in India. Vaccine. 2014;32(Suppl 1):A95–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Meier DE, Coln CD, Rescorla FJ, OlaOlorun A, Tarpley JL. Intussusception in children: international perspective. World J Surg. 1996;20(8):1035–9; discussion 1040

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Otero HJ, White AM, Khwaja AB, Griffis H, Katcoff H, Bresnahan BW. Imaging intussusception in children’s hospitals in the United States: trends, outcomes, and costs. J Am Coll Radiol. 2019;16(12):1636–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Territo HM, Wrotniak BH, Qiao H, Lillis K. Clinical signs and symptoms associated with intussusception in young children undergoing ultrasound in the emergency room. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014;30(10):718–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Klein EJ, Kapoor D, Shugerman RP. The diagnosis of intussusception. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2004;43(4):343–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Lai W-P, Yang Y-J, Cheng C-N, Chen J-S. Clinico-pathological features of intussusception in children beyond five years old. Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 2007;48(5):267–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Sadigh G, Zou KH, Razavi SA, Khan R, Applegate KE. Meta-analysis of air versus liquid enema for intussusception reduction in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205(5):W542–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. West KW, Stephens B, Vane DW, Grosfeld JL. Intussusception: current management in infants and children. Surgery. 1987;102(4):704–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Roskind CG, Ruzal-Shapiro CB, Dowd EK, Dayan PS. Test characteristics of the 3-view abdominal radiograph series in the diagnosis of intussusception. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007;23(11):785–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Daneman A, Navarro O. Intussusception. Part 1: a review of diagnostic approaches. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33(2):79–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Hernandez JA, Swischuk LE, Angel CA. Validity of plain films in intussusception. Emerg Radiol. 2004;10(6):323–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Hooker RL, Hernanz-Schulman M, Yu C, Kan JH. Radiographic evaluation of intussusception: utility of left-side-down decubitus view. Radiology. 2008;248(3):987–94.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Saverino BP, Lava C, Lowe LH, Rivard DC. Radiographic findings in the diagnosis of pediatric ileocolic intussusception: comparison to a control population. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2010;26(4):281–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Henderson AA, Anupindi SA, Servaes S, Markowitz RI, Aronson PL, McLoughlin RJ, et al. Comparison of 2-view abdominal radiographs with ultrasound in children with suspected intussusception. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2013;29(2):145–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Roskind CG, Kamdar G, Ruzal-Shapiro CB, Bennett JE, Dayan PS. Accuracy of plain radiographs to exclude the diagnosis of intussusception. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012;28(9):855–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Tareen F, Mc Laughlin D, Cianci F, Hoare SM, Sweeney B, Mortell A, et al. Abdominal radiography is not necessary in children with intussusception. Pediatr Surg Int. 2016;32(1):89–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Weihmiller SN, Buonomo C, Bachur R. Risk stratification of children being evaluated for intussusception. Pediatrics. 2011;127(2):e296–303.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Mendez D, Caviness AC, Ma L, Macias CC. The diagnostic accuracy of an abdominal radiograph with signs and symptoms of intussusception. Am J Emerg Med. 2012;30(3):426–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. del-Pozo G, Albillos JC, Tejedor D, Calero R, Rasero M, de la Calle U, et al. Intussusception in children: current concepts in diagnosis and enema reduction. Radiographics. 1999;19(2):299–319.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Tiao MM, Wan YL, Ng SH, Ko SF, Lee TY, Chen MC, et al. Sonographic features of small-bowel intussusception in pediatric patients. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8(4):368–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Justice FA, de Campo M, Liem NT, Son TN, Ninh TP, Bines JE. Accuracy of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of intussusception in infants in Vietnam. Pediatr Radiol. 2007;37(2):195–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Shekherdimian S, Lee SL, Sydorak RM, Applebaum H. Contrast enema for pediatric intussusception: is reflux into the terminal ileum necessary for complete reduction? J Pediatr Surg. 2009;44(1):247–9; discussion 249

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Verschelden P, Filiatrault D, Garel L, Grignon A, Perreault G, Boisvert J, et al. Intussusception in children: reliability of US in diagnosis – a prospective study. Radiology. 1992;184(3):741–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Weinberger E, Winters WD. Intussusception in children: the role of sonography. Radiology. 1992;184(3):601–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Hryhorczuk AL, Strouse PJ. Validation of US as a first-line diagnostic test for assessment of pediatric ileocolic intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39(10):1075–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Eshed I, Gorenstein A, Serour F, Witzling M. Intussusception in children: can we rely on screening sonography performed by junior residents? Pediatr Radiol. 2004;34(2):134–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Henrikson S, Blane CE, Koujok K, Strouse PJ, DiPietro MA, Goodsitt MM. The effect of screening sonography on the positive rate of enemas for intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33(3):190–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Chang Y-J, Chao H-C, Wang C-J, Lo W-C, Yan D-C. Evaluating pediatric intussusception using 24-hour ultrasound. Pediatr Neonatol. 2013;54(4):235–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Bowerman RA, Silver TM, Jaffe MH. Real-time ultrasound diagnosis of intussusception in children. Radiology. 1982;143(2):527–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Ja Lim K, Lee K, Yoon DY, Moon JH, Lee H, Kim M-J, et al. The role of US in finding intussusception and alternative diagnosis: a report of 100 pediatric cases. Acta Radiol. 2015;56(2):228–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Ayaz UY, Dilli A, Ayaz S, Api A. Ultrasonographic findings of intussusception in pediatric cases. Med Ultrason. 2011;13(4):272–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Wiersma F, Allema JH, Holscher HC. Ileoileal intussusception in children: ultrasonographic differentiation from ileocolic intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2006;36(11):1177–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Lioubashevsky N, Hiller N, Rozovsky K, Segev L, Simanovsky N. Ileocolic versus small-bowel intussusception in children: can US enable reliable differentiation? Radiology. 2013;269(1):266–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Park BL, Rabiner JE, Tsung JW. Point-of-care ultrasound diagnosis of small bowel-small bowel vs ileocolic intussusception. Am J Emerg Med. 2019;37(9):1746–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Park NH, Park SI, Park CS, Lee EJ, Kim MS, Ryu JA, et al. Ultrasonographic findings of small bowel intussusception, focusing on differentiation from ileocolic intussusception. Br J Radiol. 2007;80(958):798–802.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Koh EPK, Chua JHY, Chui CH, Jacobsen AS. A report of 6 children with small bowel intussusception that required surgical intervention. J Pediatr Surg. 2006;41(4):817–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Munden MM, Bruzzi JF, Coley BD, Munden RF. Sonography of pediatric small-bowel intussusception: differentiating surgical from nonsurgical cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(1):275–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Navarro O, Daneman A. Intussusception. Part 3: diagnosis and management of those with an identifiable or predisposing cause and those that reduce spontaneously. Pediatr Radiol. 2004;34(4):305–12; quiz 369

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Sargent MA, Babyn P, Alton DJ. Plain abdominal radiography in suspected intussusception: a reassessment. Pediatr Radiol. 1994;24(1):17–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Hughes UM, Connolly BL, Chait PG, Muraca S. Further report of small-bowel intussusceptions related to gastrojejunostomy tubes. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30(9):614–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Rajagopal R, Mishra N, Yadav N, Jhanwar V, Thakur A, Mannan N. Transient versus surgically managed small bowel intussusception in children: role of ultrasound. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2015;12(2):140–2.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. Kim JH. US features of transient small bowel intussusception in pediatric patients. Korean J Radiol. 2004;5(3):178–84.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Vandewalle RJ, Bagwell AK, Shields JR, Burns RC, Brown BP, Landman MP. Radiographic and clinical factors in pediatric patients with surgical small-bowel intussusception. J Surg Res. 2019;233:167–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Zhang Y, Bai Y-Z, Li S-X, Liu S-J, Ren W-D, Zheng L-Q. Sonographic findings predictive of the need for surgical management in pediatric patients with small bowel intussusceptions. Langenbeck’s Arch Surg. 2011;396(7):1035–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Mateen MA, Saleem S, Rao PC, Gangadhar V, Reddy DN. Transient small bowel intussusceptions: ultrasound findings and clinical significance. Abdom Imaging. 2006;31(4):410–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Stranzinger E, Dipietro MA, Yarram S, Khalatbari S, Strouse PJ. Intramural and subserosal echogenic foci on US in large-bowel intussusceptions: prognostic indicator for reducibility? Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39(1):42–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Gartner RD, Levin TL, Borenstein SH, Han BK, Blumfield E, Murphy R, et al. Interloop fluid in intussusception: what is its significance? Pediatr Radiol. 2011;41(6):727–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Koumanidou C, Vakaki M, Pitsoulakis G, Kakavakis K, Mirilas P. Sonographic detection of lymph nodes in the intussusception of infants and young children: clinical evaluation and hydrostatic reduction. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178(2):445–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Carroll AG, Kavanagh RG, Ni Leidhin C, Cullinan NM, Lavelle LP, Malone DE. Comparative effectiveness of imaging modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of intussusception: a critically appraised topic. Acad Radiol. 2017;24(5):521–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Plut D, Phillips GS, Johnston PR, Lee EY. Practical imaging strategies for intussusception in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215(6):1449–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Puapong D, Lee SL, Radner G, Tsai PI, Katz DS, Abbas MA, et al. Computed tomography findings of unanticipated prolonged ileocolic intussusception in children. Perm J. 2008;12(3):22–4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Strouse PJ, DiPietro MA, Saez F. Transient small-bowel intussusception in children on CT. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33(5):316–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Ko S-F, Lee T-Y, Ng S-H, Wan Y-L, Chen M-C, Tiao M-M, et al. Small bowel intussusception in symptomatic pediatric patients: experiences with 19 surgically proven cases. World J Surg. 2002;26(4):438–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Ko S-F, Tiao M-M, Hsieh C-S, Huang F-C, Huang C-C, Ng S-H, et al. Pediatric small bowel intussusception disease: feasibility of screening for surgery with early computed tomographic evaluation. Surgery. 2010;147(4):521–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Bucher BT, Hall BL, Warner BW, Keller MS. Intussusception in children: cost-effectiveness of ultrasound vs diagnostic contrast enema. J Pediatr Surg. 2011;46(6):1099–105.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Lampl BS, Glaab J, Ayyala RS, Kanchi R, Ruzal-Shapiro CB. Is intussusception a middle-of-the-night emergency? Pediatr Emerg Care. 2019;35(10):684–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Stein-Wexler R, O’Connor R, Daldrup-Link H, Wootton-Gorges SL. Current methods for reducing intussusception: survey results. Pediatr Radiol. 2015;45(5):667–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Gluckman S, Karpelowsky J, Webster AC, McGee RG. Management for intussusception in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;(6):CD006476.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Takahashi T, Okazaki T, Watayo H, Ogasawara Y, Nakazawa N, Kato Y, et al. Radiographic signs predictive of success of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception. Pediatr Surg Int. 2009;25(11):977–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Kaiser AD, Applegate KE, Ladd AP. Current success in the treatment of intussusception in children. Surgery. 2007;142(4):469–75; discussion 475

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Curtis JL, Gutierrez IM, Kirk SR, Gollin G. Failure of enema reduction for ileocolic intussusception at a referring hospital does not preclude repeat attempts at a children’s hospital. J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(6):1178–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Herwig K, Brenkert T, Losek JD. Enema-reduced intussusception management: is hospitalization necessary? Pediatr Emerg Care. 2009;25(2):74–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Sujka JA, Dalton B, Gonzalez K, Tarantino C, Schroeder L, Giovanni J, et al. Emergency department discharge following successful radiologic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children: a protocol based prospective observational study. J Pediatr Surg. 2019;54(8):1609–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Simanovsky N, Issachar O, Koplewitz B, Lev-Cohain N, Rekhtman D, Hiller N. Early recurrence of ileocolic intussusception after successful air enema reduction: incidence and predisposing factors. Emerg Radiol. 2019;26(1):1–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Mallicote MU, Isani MA, Roberts AS, Jones NE, Bowen-Jallow KA, Burke RV, et al. Hospital admission unnecessary for successful uncomplicated radiographic reduction of pediatric intussusception. Am J Surg. 2017;214(6):1203–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Golriz F, Cassady CI, Bales B, Herrejon C, Hicks MJ, Zhang W, et al. Comparative safety and efficacy of balloon use in air enema reduction for pediatric intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2018;48(10):1423–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Lui KW, Wong HF, Cheung YC, See LC, Ng KK, Kong MS, et al. Air enema for diagnosis and reduction of intussusception in children: clinical experience and fluoroscopy time correlation. J Pediatr Surg. 2001;36(3):479–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Heenan SD, Kyriou J, Fitzgerald M, Adam EJ. Effective dose at pneumatic reduction of paediatric intussusception. Clin Radiol. 2000;55(11):811–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Ilivitzki A, Shtark LG, Arish K, Engel A. Deep sedation during pneumatic reduction of intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2012;42(5):562–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Xie X, Wu Y, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Chen G, Xiang B. A randomized trial of pneumatic reduction versus hydrostatic reduction for intussusception in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Surg. 2018;53(8):1464–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Prana L, Baijoob S, Rampersad B. Are we doing better? Barium enema reduction of intussusception. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2018;100(5):388–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Rubí I, Vera R, Rubí SC, Torres EE, Luna A, Arcos J, et al. Air reduction of intussusception. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2002;12(6):387–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Medina LS, Applegate KE, Blackmore CC, editors. Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics. New York, NY: Springer New York; 2010. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0922-0.

  87. Pomerantz B, Anupindi S, Wales PW, Doody DP, Masiakos PT. Radiographic reduction of intussusception in patients with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2007;23(8):763–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Schwab J, Benya E, Lin R, Majd K. Contrast enema in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura. J Pediatr Surg. 2005;40(8):1221–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Saxena AK, Seebacher U, Bernhardt C, Höllwarth ME. Small bowel intussusceptions: issues and controversies related to pneumatic reduction and surgical approach. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96(11):1651–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Navarro OM, Daneman A, Chae A. Intussusception: the use of delayed, repeated reduction attempts and the management of intussusceptions due to pathologic lead points in pediatric patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;182(5):1169–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Hadidi AT, El Shal N. Childhood intussusception: a comparative study of nonsurgical management. J Pediatr Surg. 1999;34(2):304–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Vujović D, Lukac M, Sretenović A, Krstajić T, Ljubić V, Antunović SS. Indications for repeated enema reduction of intussusception in children. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2014;142(5–6):320–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Pazo A, Hill J, Losek JD. Delayed repeat enema in the management of intussusception. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2010;26(9):640–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Okazaki T, Ogasawara Y, Nakazawa N, Kobayashi H, Kato Y, Lane GJ, et al. Reduction of intussusception in infants by a pediatric surgical team: improvement in safety and outcome. Pediatr Surg Int. 2006;22(11):897–900.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Eisapour A, Mehrayin R, Esmaeili-Dooki M. The effect of midazolam on decreasing the duration of intussusception hydrostatic reduction in children. Med Arch. 2015;69(5):289–92.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  96. Esposito F, Ambrosio C, De Fronzo S, Panico MR, D’Aprano M, Giugliano AM, et al. Fluoroscopy-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in infancy: role of pharmacological premedication. Radiol Med. 2015;120(6):549–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Cullmann JL, Heverhagen JT, Puig S. Radiation dose in pneumatic reduction of ileo-colic intussusceptions – results from a single-institution study. Pediatr Radiol. 2015;45(5):675–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Burns R, Adler M, Benya E, Guthrie B. Fluoroscopy screen time during contrast enema for the evaluation and treatment of intussusception. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014;30(5):327–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Kaplan SL, Magill D, Felice MA, Edgar JC, Anupindi SA, Zhu X. Intussusception reduction: effect of air vs. liquid enema on radiation dose. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47(11):1471–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Kim YG, Choi BI, Yeon KM, Kim JW. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood intussusception using rea-time ultrasonography and saline enema: preliminary report. J Korean Soc Med Ultrasound. 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Sanchez TRS, Potnick A, Graf JL, Abramson LP, Patel CV. Sonographically guided enema for intussusception reduction: a safer alternative to fluoroscopy. J Ultrasound Med. 2012;31(10):1505–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Sanchez TR, Doskocil B, Stein-Wexler R. Nonsurgical management of childhood intussusception: retrospective comparison between sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance. J Ultrasound Med. 2015;34(1):59–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Gu L, Zhu H, Wang S, Han Y, Wu X, Miao H. Sonographic guidance of air enema for intussusception reduction in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30(5):339–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Xiaolong X, Yang W, Qi W, Yiyang Z, Bo X. Risk factors for failure of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in pediatric patients: a retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(1):e13826.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Krishnakumar HS, Umamaheshwari. Ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction in the management of intussusception. Indian J Pediatr. 2006;73(3):217–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Di Renzo D, Colangelo M, Lauriti G, De Girolamo F, Persico A, Lelli CP. Ultrasound-guided Hartmann’s solution enema: first-choice procedure for reducing idiopathic intussusception. Radiol Med. 2012;117(4):679–89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Kelley-Quon LI, Arthur LG, Williams RF, Goldin AB, St Peter SD, Beres AL, et al. Management of intussusception in children: a systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 2021;56(3):587–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Arshad SA, Hebballi NB, Hegde BN, Avritscher EBC, John SD, Lapus RM, et al. Early discharge after nonoperative management of intussusception is both safe and cost-effective. J Pediatr Surg. 2022;57(1):147–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Lautz TB, Thurm CW, Rothstein DH. Delayed repeat enemas are safe and cost-effective in the management of pediatric intussusception. J Pediatr Surg. 2015;50(3):423–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Kim JH, Lee JS, Ryu JM, Lim KS, Kim WY. Risk factors for recurrent intussusception after fluoroscopy-guided air enema. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2018;34(7):484–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Xie X, Wu Y, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Xiang B. Risk factors for recurrence of intussusception in pediatric patients: a retrospective study. J Pediatr Surg. 2018;53(11):2307–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Ksia A, Mosbahi S, Brahim MB, Sahnoun L, Haggui B, Youssef SB, et al. Recurrent intussusception in children and infants. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2013;10(4):299–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Yalcin S, Ciftci AO, Karaagaoglu E, Tanyel FC, Senocak ME. Presenting clinical features and outcome in intussusception. Indian J Pediatr. 2009;76(4):401–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Daneman A, Alton DJ, Ein S, Wesson D, Superina R, Thorner P. Perforation during attempted intussusception reduction in children – a comparison of perforation with barium and air. Pediatr Radiol. 1995;25(2):81–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hansel J. Otero & Laura S. De Leon Benedetti

  2. Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children’s Hospital of Phialdelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hansel J. Otero

  3. Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    Kimberly E. Applegate

Authors
  1. Hansel J. Otero
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laura S. De Leon Benedetti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kimberly E. Applegate
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hansel J. Otero .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, 3NW, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hansel J. Otero

  2. Department of Radiology, 3NW, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Summer L. Kaplan

  3. Dept Of Radiology, MCH Radiology, Miami Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA

    L Santiago Medina

  4. Dept of Radiology, Virginal Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA

    C. Craig Blackmore

  5. Zionsville, IN, USA

    Kimberly E Applegate

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Otero, H.J., De Leon Benedetti, L.S., Applegate, K.E. (2023). Intussusception in Children: Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment. In: Otero, H.J., Kaplan, S.L., Medina, L.S., Blackmore, C.C., Applegate, K.E. (eds) Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics. Evidence-Based Imaging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38095-3_31-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38095-3_31-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-38095-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-38095-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation