Skip to main content

Intersectional Justice for Adolescent Girls of Color

An Educational Pursuit

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Social Justice Interventions in Education

Part of the book series: Springer International Handbooks of Education ((SIHE))

  • 75 Accesses

Abstract

Although many adolescent Girls of Color (GoC) from poor and working class backgrounds maintain high academic aspirations, they experience disproportionate levels of school punishment and exclusion. These students often do not have access to safe spaces and a caring learning environment in school. They also typically lack relationships with educators who nurture their academic engagement, affirm their identity, and listen and respond to the harm they have experienced in school. This chapter describes an intersectional justice approach to educating GoC, which incorporates reparative healing methods grounded in interrogating power at the nexus of race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, immigration background, and other ascriptive dimensions. The development of this intersectional justice intervention took place across five Title I U.S. high schools through the Lavender Girls Project (LGP), a research and mentoring group focused on the academic engagement of GoC who have been subjected to punishment and exclusion in schools. Using kitchen table and sister circle focus group practices created by Women of Color, specifically Black women, the author supported, guided, and affirmed LGP participants as they explored how their multiply marginalized identities shaped their academic engagement and experiences with punishment in school. Through a deep-dive analysis of one LGP participant, Chinae, the author demonstrates how these methods can provide students, particularly GoC, with the space to examine the complexities of their identity, and dictate healing and wellness on their own terms. Recommendations for educators, who aim to employ a similar approach, are grounded in the intersectional caring practices of Women of Color who embody a humanist philosophy and care for children within the contexts of their multiply marginalized identity.

To protect the privacy of my participants, all school and student names used throughout this chapter are pseudonyms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Annamma, S. A. (2018). The pedagogy of Pathologization: Dis/abled girls of color in the school-prison nexus. Kindle: Taylor and Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beauboeuf-Lafontant, T. (2002). A womanist experience of caring: Understanding the pedagogy of exemplary black women teachers. The Urban Review, 34(1), 71–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behar, R. (1993). Translated woman: Crossing the border with Esperanza’s story. Boston: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blake, J. J., Butler, B. R., Lewis, C. W., & Darensbourg, A. (2010). Unmasking the inequitable discipline experiences of urban black girls: Implications for urban educational stakeholders. The Urban Review, 43(1), 90–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J. C. (1977). Reproduction in education, society, and culture (1977th ed.). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. J. D. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P. H. (1986). Learning from the outsider within: The sociological significance of black feminist thought. Social Problems, 33(6), S14–S32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989, 139. http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/uchclf1989&id=143&div=&collection=journals.

  • Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crenshaw, K. (2015). Black girls matter: Pushed out, Overpoliced and Underprotected. African American Policy Forum & Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies. https://aapf.org/recent/2014/12/coming-soon-blackgirlsmatter-pushed-out-overpoliced-and-underprotected.

  • Denborough, D. (2014). Retelling the stories of our lives: Everyday narrative therapy to draw inspiration and transform experience. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dill, B. T. (1994). Fictive kin, paper sons, and compadrazgo: Women of color and the struggle for family survival. In M. B. Zinn & B. T. Dill (Eds.), Women of color in U.S. society (pp. 149–169). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, R., Blake, J., & González, T. (2017). Girlhood interrupted: The erasure of black girls’ childhood. In Center on poverty and inequality, Georgetown law. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3000695.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans-Winters, V. E., & Esposito, J. (2010). Other People’s daughters: Critical race feminism and black girls’ education. Educational Foundations, 24, 11–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddings, P. (1984). When and where I enter: The impact of black women on race and sex in America. New York, NY: Harper Collins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilkes, C. T. (1994). “If it wasn’t for the women …”: African American women, community work, and social change. In M. B. Zinn & B. T. Dill (Eds.), Women of color in U.S. society (pp. 229–246). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • hooks, b. (2015). Sisters of the yam: Black women and self-recovery (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge / Taylor & Francis Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamberelis, G., & Dimitriadis, G. (2011). Contingent articulations of pedagogy, politics, and inquiry. In The sage handbook of qualitative research (4thth ed., pp. 545–561). Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, R. D. (2002). Freedom dreams: The black radical imagination. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohl, E., & McCutcheon, P. (2015). Kitchen table reflexivity: Negotiating positionality through everyday talk. Gender, Place & Culture, 22(6), 747–763.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leadbeater, B. J., & Way, N. (2007). Urban girls revisited: Building strengths. New York, NY: NYU Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madriz, E. (2000). Focus groups in feminist research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 835–850). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • McClain, D. (2015, November 16). The White house focuses on women and girls of color with a new $118 million initiative. The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/article/white-house-turns-toward-women-and-girls-of-color-with-new-118-million-initiative/

  • Morris, E. W. (2007). “Ladies” or “Loudies”?: Perceptions and experiences of black girls in classrooms. Youth & Society, 38(4), 490–515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M. W. (2016). Pushout: The criminalization of black girls in schools. New York, NY: The New Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, A. S., Acosta, M. A., & Kennedy-Lewis, B. L. (2013). “I’m not running around with my pants sagging, so how am I not acting like a lady?”: Intersections of race and gender in the experiences of female middle school troublemakers. The Urban Review, 45(5), 586–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nanda, J. (2011). Blind discretion: Girls of Color & Delinquency in the juvenile justice system symposium: Overpoliced and Underprotected: Women, race, and criminalization: II. Crime, punishment, and the Management of Racial Marginality. UCLA Law Review, 59(6), 1502–1539.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayan, U. (2004). The project of feminist epistemology: Perspectives from a nonwestern feminist. The Feminist Standpoint Theory Reader: Intellectual and Political Controversies, 213–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neal-Barnett, A., Stadulis, R., Murray, M., Payne, M. R., Thomas, A., & Salley, B. B. (2011). Sister circles as a culturally relevant intervention for anxious black women. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 18(3), 266–273.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parks, C., Wallace, B. C., Emdin, C., & Levy, I. P. (2016). An examination of gendered violence and school push-out directed against urban black girls/adolescents: Illustrative data, cases and a call to action. Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 15(3), 210–219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rollock, N. (2007). Why black girls don’t matter: Exploring how race and gender shape academic success in an inner city school. Support for Learning, 22(4), 197–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanford University. (n.d.). MacArthur scale of subjective social status – Youth version. Stanford SPARQtools. Retrieved from http://sparqtools.org/mobility-measure/macarthur-scale-of-subjective-social-status-youth-version

  • Tracy, K., & Robles, J. S. (2013). Everyday talk: Building and reflecting identities. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Department of Education (2015). CRDC (civil rights data collection) [government]. School and District Search. Retrieved from https://ocrdata.ed.gov/

  • University of Michigan, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. (n.d.). Social identity wheel –inclusive teaching. LSA Inclusive Teaching. Retrieved from https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/inclusive-teaching/sample-activities/social-identity-wheel/

  • Walker, A. (1984). In search of our mothers’ gardens: Prose. Great Britain: Open Road Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, E. M. (2013). “Pushed out” and pulled in: Girls of color, the criminal justice system, and Neoliberalism’s double-bind. College Park: Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland.

    Google Scholar 

  • White House Council on Women and Girls, The. (2015). Advancing equity for women and girls of color. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/12/16/report-advancing-equity-women-and-girls-color

  • Williams, W., Karlin, T., & Wallace, D. (2012). Project SisterCircle: Risk, intersectionality, and intervening in urban schools. Journal of School Counseling, 10(17).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wing, A. K. (2000). Global critical race feminism: An international reader. New York, NY: NYU Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wun, C. (2018). Angered: Black and non-black girls of color at the intersections of violence and school discipline in the United States. Race, Ethnicity and Education, 21(4), 423–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Funding for this work was provided by the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) through the UCLA Institute of American Cultures: American Indian Studies Center, the Bunche Center for African American Studies, and the Chicano Studies Center, the Carlos M. Haro Scholarship Fund, and Shirley Hune Inter-Ethnic/Inter-Racial Studies Award

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shena Sanchez .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Sanchez, S. (2021). Intersectional Justice for Adolescent Girls of Color. In: Mullen, C.A. (eds) Handbook of Social Justice Interventions in Education. Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29553-0_114-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29553-0_114-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-29553-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-29553-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education

Publish with us

Policies and ethics