Abstract
Despite great advances in treatment, breast cancer is still the most common cause of death in cancer-treated women. From the results of numerous clinical studies and meta-analyses, the development of chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer has brought significant clinical benefit to survival, whether the treatment is adjuvant or the one of metastatic disease. The development of core oncology, translational and clinical research has led to a better understanding of the biology and immunology of tumors, the generation of new immunotherapeutic possibilities and their implementation in everyday clinical practice. For now, mostly monoclonal antibodies, primarily trastuzumab, are used in clinical practice, which is the gold standard for the treatment of HER-2 positive patients. Besides lapatinib, further development of this area has resulted in introducing pertuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the second binding site of the HER-2 receptor, and trastuzumab-DM1, a true pathway for further development of immunotherapy, a cytostatic and antibody conjugate. Phase III clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy of pertuzumab and trastuzumab-DM1. The other direction the development of tumor immune therapy was based on was focusing on the infrastructure of the host, especially the blood vessels. For this purpose, a monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bevacizumab, has been developed.
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Notes
- 1.
Slamon et al. (2001).
- 2.
Slamon et al. (2009).
- 3.
Perez et al. (2007).
- 4.
Perez et al. (2009).
- 5.
Piccart-Gebhart et al. (2005).
- 6.
Joensuu et al. (2009).
- 7.
Spielmann et al. (2009).
- 8.
Slamon et al. (2009).
- 9.
Perez et al. (2007).
- 10.
Perez et al. (2009).
- 11.
- 12.
Piccart-Gebhart et al. (2005).
- 13.
Marty et al. (2005).
- 14.
Robert et al. (2006).
- 15.
Forbes et al. (2006).
- 16.
Láng et al. (2014).
- 17.
von Minckwitz et al. (2009).
- 18.
Baselga and Swan (2009).
- 19.
Blackwell et al. (2009).
- 20.
Untch et al. (2010).
- 21.
Gianni et al. (2010).
- 22.
Di Cosimo and Baselga (2008).
- 23.
Geyer et al. (2006).
- 24.
Baselga et al. (2012a).
- 25.
Baselga et al. (2012b).
- 26.
Cortes et al. (2013).
- 27.
Swain et al. (2013a).
- 28.
Swain et al. (2013b).
- 29.
Kimberly et al. (2012).
- 30.
Dieras et al. (2017).
- 31.
Schneider and Sledge (2011).
- 32.
Miles et al. (2010).
- 33.
Robert et al. (2011).
- 34.
Brufsky et al. (2011).
- 35.
Gianni et al. (2013).
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Belac Lovasić, I., Lovasić, F. (2019). Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy. In: Bodiroga-Vukobrat, N., Rukavina, D., Pavelić, K., Sander, G.G. (eds) Personalized Medicine in Healthcare Systems. Europeanization and Globalization, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16465-2_23
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