Abstract
Synthetic fungicides have an important role in agriculture development and evolution. However, in intensive agriculture, their misuse threatens directly natural ecosystem stability, and this stability should be protected by relying on other alternatives such as the use of biofungicides. In this regard, the objective of this work was to test three essential oils for the control of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) of wheats. The experiment used a susceptible variety in a randomized complete block design with four blocks, and four treatments consisted of three essential oils: clove (Eugenia aromatica), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) and Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) along with a chemical treatment (Spiroxamine, Tebuconazole and Triadimenol), applied at a dose of 0.8 L/ha for a slurry of 200 L/ha. The experiment was repeated twice in space under field conditions. The essential oils (1.25 ml/L) as well as the fungicide were applied at the heading stage with a backpack sprayer having a ramp of two meters with four nozzles spaced 0.5 m. The effectiveness of these treatments was evaluated as grain yield increase and thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in comparison to the untreated check. Only pennyroyal essential oil increased grain yield by 23% without affecting TKW, while the fungicide decreased grain yield by 24% by affecting TKW. These results are relative to the concentrations used and to the number of applications, and they prove that pennyroyal essential oil could be an alternative control measure to yellow rust on bread wheat. Implications of these results were discussed in the document.
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ARGB thanks technicians of the Sidi El Aidi experimental station and the technical assistance of Fatna Ajouad in the Cereal Pathology Laboratory of INRA Settat.
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Uwineza, M.S., Yousfi, B.E., Lamiri, A. (2019). An Alternative Control of Yellow Rust on Bread Wheat with Essential Oils of Mentha Pulegium, Eugenia Aromatica, and Cedrus Atlantica. In: Ezziyyani, M. (eds) Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD’2018). AI2SD 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 911. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11878-5_6
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