Skip to main content

Use of Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) for Genotyping by Solution and Surface Methods

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Peptide Nucleic Acids

Abstract

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are synthetic oligonucleotide analogues based on a pseudopeptide backbone that bind complementary DNA or RNA with high affinity and specificity. In this chapter, three PNA-based genotyping assays are described: PCR clamping, fluorescence-based recognition, and microarray platform. The first two methods are performed in solution, while the microarray method uses a solid surface.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nielsen PE, Egholm M, Berg RH, Buchardt O (1991) Sequence-selective recognition of DNA by strand displacement with a thymine-substituted polyamide. Science 254:1497–1500

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Egholm M, Buchardt O, Christensen L, Behrens C, Freier SM, Driver DA, Berg RH, Kim SK, Norden B, Nielsen PE (1993) PNA hybridizes to complementary oligonucleotides obeying the Watson–Crick hydrogen-bonding rules. Nature 365:566–568

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Wittung P, Nielsen PE, Buchardt O, Egholm M, Norden B (1994) DNA like double helix formed by peptide nucleic acid. Nature 368:561–563

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Demidov VA, Potaman VN, Frank-KamenetskiJ MD, Egholm M, Buchardt O, Sonnichsen SH, Nielsen PE (1994) Stability of peptide nucleic acids in human serum and cellular extracts. Biochem Pharmacol 48:1310–1313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sforza S, Corradini R, Tedeschi T, Marchelli R (2011) Food analysis and food authentication by peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-based technologies. Chem Soc Rev 40:221–232

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Corradini R, Sforza S, Tedeschi T, Totsingan F, Marchelli R (2007) Peptide nucleic acids with a structurally biased backbone: effects of conformational constraints and stereochemistry. Curr Top Med Chem 7:681–694

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Medici MC, Martinelli M, Ruggeri FM, Abelli LA, Bosco S, Arcangeletti MC, Pinardi F, De Conto F, Calderaro A, Chezzi C, Dettori GJ (2005) Broadly reactive nested reverse transcription-PCR using an internal rna standard control for detection of noroviruses in stool samples. J Clin Microbiol 43:3772–3778

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Svanvik N, Westman G, Wang D, Kubista M (2000) Light-up probes: thiazole orange-conjugated peptide nucleic acid for detection of target nucleic acid in homogeneous solution. Anal Biochem 281:26–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rutjes SA, van den Berg HHJL, Lodder WJ, de Roda Husman AM (2006) Real-time detection of noroviruses in surface water by use of a broadly reactive nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:5349–5358

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Peano C, Lesignoli F, Gulli M, Corradini R, Samson MC, Marchelli R, Marmiroli N (2005) Development of a peptide nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction clamping assay for semiquantitative evaluation of genetically modified organism content in food. Anal Chem 344:174–182

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Rozen S, Skaletsky HJ (2000) Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers. In: Krawetz S, Misener S (eds) Bioinformatics methods and protocols: methods in molecular biology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 365–386

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kyger EM, Krevolin MD, Powell MJ (1998) Detection of the hereditary hemochromatosis gene mutation by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction and peptide nucleic acid clamping. Anal Biochem 260:142–148

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Tedeschi T, Calabretta A, Bencivenni M, Manicardi A, Corrado G, Caramante M, Corradini R, Rao R, Sforza S, Marchelli R (2011) A PNA microarray for tomato genotyping. Mol Biosyst 7:1902–1907

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Takiya T, Futo S, Tsuna M, Namimatsu T, Sakano T, Kawai K, Suzuki T (2004) Identification of single base-pair mutation on uidA gene of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by peptide nucleic acids (PNA) mediated PCR clamping. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 68:360–368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Manicardi A, Calabretta A, Bencivenni M, Tedeschi T, Sforza S, Marchelli R (2010) Affinity and selectivity of C2- and C5-substituted “chiral-box” PNA in solution and on microarrays. Chirality 22:E161–E172

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ørum H, Nielsen PE, Egholm M, Berg RH, Buchardt O, Stanley C (1993) Single base pair mutation analysis by PNA directed PCR clamping. Nucleic Acids Res 21:5332–5336

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Tonelli A, Tedeschi T, Germini A, Sforza S, Corradini R, Medici MC, Chezzi C, Marchelli R (2011) Real time RNA transcription monitoring by Thiazole Orange (TO)-conjugated Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) probes: norovirus detection. Mol Biosyst 7:1684–1692

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Germini A, Rossi S, Zanetti A, Corradini C, Fogher C, Marchelli R (2005) Development of a peptide nucleic acid array platform for the detection of genetically modified organisms in food. J Agric Food Chem 53:3958–3962

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rossi S, Scaravelli E, Germini A, Corradini R, Marchelli R (2006) PNA array platform for the detection of traces of potentially allergenic nuts in foodstuffs. Eur Food Res Technol 223:1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Sforza, S., Tedeschi, T., Bencivenni, M., Tonelli, A., Corradini, R., Marchelli, R. (2014). Use of Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) for Genotyping by Solution and Surface Methods. In: Nielsen, P., Appella, D. (eds) Peptide Nucleic Acids. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1050. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-553-8_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-553-8_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-552-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-553-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics