Abstract
Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) is a method to determine the copy number of up to 60 genomic DNA sequences in a single multiplex PCR based reaction.
MLPA probes consist of two oligonucleotides that can hybridize next to each other on a certain DNA sequence of interest, where they are ligated. All ligated probes are subsequently amplified by PCR using a single set of primers. Each amplified MLPA probe has a unique length and can be visualized and quantified by capillary electrophoresis. As the primers are almost 100% consumed in the PCR reaction, the quantity of each PCR amplicon is proportional to the number of copies of each probe target sequence in the DNA sample. A trisomy 21 can therefore be detected by an approximately 50% increased signal of each chromosome 21 specific probe relative to reference samples.
MLPA with the P095 Aneuploidy probemix for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y has been used as a rapid detection method on large numbers of samples from uncultured amniotic fluid or from chorionic villi. As compared to FISH and karyotyping, MLPA is more rapid, has a higher throughput, and is less expensive. MLPA however cannot detect low grade mosaicism, female triploidies, and copy number neutral chromosome abnormalities such as inversions and translocations.
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Schouten, J., van Vught, P., Galjaard, RJ. (2019). Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for Prenatal Diagnosis of Common Aneuploidies. In: Levy, B. (eds) Prenatal Diagnosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1885. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8889-1_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8889-1_11
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