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Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry of Biofluids and Extracts

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Metabonomics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1277))

Abstract

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been widely used in metabonomics analyses of biofluid samples. Biofluids provide a wealth of information about the metabolism of the whole body and from multiple regions of the body that can be used to study general health status and organ function. Blood serum and blood plasma, for example, can provide a comprehensive picture of the whole body, while urine can be used to monitor the function of the kidneys, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) will provide information about the status of the brain and central nervous system (CNS). Different methods have been developed for the extraction of metabolites from biofluids, these ranging from solvent extracts, acids, heat denaturation, and filtration. These methods vary widely in terms of efficiency of protein removal and in the number of metabolites extracted. Consequently, for all biofluid-based metabonomics studies, it is vital to optimize and standardize all steps of sample preparation, including initial extraction of metabolites. In this chapter, recommendations are made of the optimum experimental conditions for biofluid samples for GC–MS, with a particular focus on blood serum and plasma samples.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank King Abdullah University of Science and Technology for financial support and Dr. Virginia Unkefer from KAUST and Dr. Christina Morris for their assistance and helpful editorial remarks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NMR Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Room 0149, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas

  2. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Zeyad A. Al-Talla, Yang Yang & Najeh M. Kharbatia

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  1. Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas
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  2. Zeyad A. Al-Talla
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  3. Yang Yang
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  4. Najeh M. Kharbatia
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Correspondence to Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Jacob T. Bjerrum

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Emwas, AH.M., Al-Talla, Z.A., Yang, Y., Kharbatia, N.M. (2015). Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry of Biofluids and Extracts. In: Bjerrum, J. (eds) Metabonomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1277. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2377-9_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2377-9_8

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2376-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2377-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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