Skip to main content

Part of the book series: African Histories and Modernities ((AHAM))

Abstract

This chapter revisits a particular narrative that attends upon the reputation of Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya’s first prime minister and president. It recounts Kenyatta’s relationship with Mau Mau in his refusal to yield to their claim for land as recognition and reward for hastening the end of colonial rule in Kenya. The controversy dates from the transfer of power from Britain and Kenyatta’s assumption of office. Kenyatta had to take a position on an issue of moral and economic significance with far-reaching political implications. A practical assessment of the episode reveals a complex interplay of constraints and influences; it also discloses a vivid example of the ecologies within which African leadership is tested and forged. Far from suggesting leadership as a kind of “black box that holds the secrets to the malfeasances of governance in Africa” (see chapter 1 of this volume) Kenyatta’s decision, which haunts his reputation, illustrates the political skill required in balancing the interests of different classes of clients and patrons, while holding steadfast to a vision of salvation through freedom and self-mastery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abrams, P. D. 1979. Kenya’s Land Re-Settlement Story: How 66,000 African Families Were Settled on 1325 Large Scale European Owned Farms. Nairobi: Challenge Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Africa Digest. 1961. Vol. 9. No. 1, August.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, D. 2005. Histories of the Hanged. London: Phoenix.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atieno-Odhiambo, E. S. 1987. “Democracy and Ideology in Kenya.” In M. G. Schartzberg (ed.), The Political Economy of Kenya. New York: Praeger, pp. 177–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, J. 1993. Kenya: The National Epic. Nairobi: Kenway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, R. H. 1989. Beyond the Miracle of the Market: The Political Economy of Agrarian Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berman, B. 1991. “Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Modernity: The Paradox of Mau Mau.” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 25(2): 181–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bienen, H. 2015. Kenya: The Politics of Participation and Control. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blacker, J. 2007. “The demography of Mau Mau: Fertility and Mortality in Kenya in the 1950s: A Demographer’s Viewpoint.” African Affairs, 106(423): 205–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Branch, D. 2009. Defeating Mau Mau, Creating Kenya: Counterinsurgency, Civil War, and Decolonization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Branch, D. 2010. “The Search for the Remains of Dedan Kimathi: The Politics of Death and Memorialization in Post-Colonial Kenya.” Past and Present, 206 (suppl. 5): 301–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Branch, D. 2011. Kenya: Between Hope and Despair, 1963–2011. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buijtenhuijs, R. 1973. Mau Mau: Twenty Years After: The Myth and the Survivors. The Hague: Mouton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carey-Jones, N. S. 1966. The Anatomy of Uhuru: An Essay on Kenya’s Independence. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carothers, J. C. 1954. The Psychology of Mau Mau. Nairobi: Government Printer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clough, M. S. 1990. Mau Mau Memoirs: History, Memory, and Politics. Niwot: University Press of Colorado.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coombes, A. E. 2011. “Monumental Histories: Commemorating Mau Mau with the Statue of Dedan Kimathi.” African Studies, 70(2): 202–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corfield, F. D. 1960. The Origins and Growth ofMau Mau: An Historical Survey. Nairobi: Government Printer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daily Nation. 1964a. “Men of the Forest.” January 10: 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daily Nation. 1964b. “‘Field Marshal’s’ Meru Statement under Fire.” January 9: 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • East African Standard. 1963. “Men of the Forest See Uhuru For Themselves.” December 13.

    Google Scholar 

  • East African Standard. 1964a. “Fighters Want Land and Trips Abroad,” February 12: 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • East African Standard. 1964b. “Compensate Us or else. Say Meru Fighters. March 31: 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edgerton, R. B. 1990. Mau Mau: An African Crucible. London: I. B. Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elkins, C. 2006. Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain’s Gulag in Kenya. New York: Henry Holt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gertzel, C. 1970. The Politics of Independent Kenya 1963–8. Nairobi: Heinemann Educational Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harbeson, J. W. 1971. “Land Reforms and Politics in Kenya, 1954–70.” The Journal of Modern African Studies, 9(2): 231–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobson, F. 2008. “Freedom as Moral Agency: Wiathi and Mau Mau in Colonial Kenya.” Journal of Eastern African Studies, 2(3): 456–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hornsby, C. 2012. Kenya: A History since Independence. London: I.B. Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanina, W. 2007. “Kenya Unveils Monument to Mau Mau Leader.” Reuters, February 18. Available from http://uk.reuters.com/

  • Kanogo, T. 1987. Squatters & the Roots of Mau Mau, 1906–63. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kariuki, G. G. 2001. Illusion of Power: Fifty Years in Kenya Politics. Nairobi: Kenway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenyatta, J. 1961. Facing Mount Kenya. London: Mercury Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenyatta, J. 1968. Suffering without Bitterness. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kershaw, G. 1991. “Mau Mau from Below: Fieldwork and Experience, 1995–57 and 1962.” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 25(2): 274–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kershaw, G. 1997. Mau Mau from below. Oxford: James Currey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinyati, M. 2000. Mau Mau: A Revolution Betrayed. Jamaica, NY: Mau Mau Research Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitching, G. 1980. Class and Economic Change in Kenya: The Making of an African Petite-Bourgeoisie 1905–1970. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyle, K. 1999. The Politics of the Independence of Kenya. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leakey, L. S. B. 1952. Mau Mau and the Kikuyu. London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leo, C. 1984. Land and Class in Kenya. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leonard, D. K. 1991. African Successes: Four Public Managers of Kenyan Rural Development. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leys, C. 1994. Underdevelopment in Kenya: the Political Economy of NeoColonialism 1964–1971. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, John, 1990. “Mau Maus of the Mind: Making Mau Mau and Remaking Kenya.” The Journal of African History. 31(3): 393–421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, J. M. 1992. “The Moral Economy of Mau Mau: Wealth, Poverty, and Civic Virtue in Kikuyu Political Thought.” In B. Berman and J. M. Lonsdale (eds.), Unhappy Valley: Conflict in Kenya & Africa. London: James Currey, pp. 315–504.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, J. M. 2002. “Jomo Kenyatta, God, and the Modern World.” In P. Deutsch et al. (eds.), African Modernities. Oxford: James Currey, pp. 31–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, J. M. 2003. “Authority, Gender and Violence: The War within Mau Mau’s Fight for Land and Freedom.” In E. S. Atieno-Odhiambo and J. M. Lonsdale (eds.), Mau Mau & Nationhood. Oxford: James Currey, pp. 46–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, J. M. 2008. “Soil, Work, Civilisation, and Citizenship in Kenya.” Journal of Eastern African Studies, 2(2): 305–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maugham-Brown, D. 1985. Land, Freedom and Fiction: History and Ideology in Kenya. London: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, W. T. W. 1963. “The ‘White Highlands’ of Kenya.” The Geographical Journal, 129(2): 140–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muoria-Sal, W. et al. 2009. Writing for Kenya: The Life and Works of Henry Muoria. Leiden: Brill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray-Brown, J. 1972. Kenyatta. London: George Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ndegwa, D. N. 2006. Walking in Kenyatta Struggles: My Story. Nairobi: Kenya Leadership Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogot, B. A. 1996. “The Decisive Years: 1956–63.” In B. A. Ogot and W. R. Ochieng (eds.), Decolonization and Independence in Kenya 1940–93. London: James Currey, pp. 48–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ondego, E. 2008. The Life of Mzee Ondego. Nairobi: Kwani Trust.

    Google Scholar 

  • Personal Conversation with Simeon Nyachae. Nairobi, Kenya. July 9, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, D. R. 2004. “‘Be Like Firm Soldiers to Develop the Country’: Political Imagination and the Geography of Kikuyuland.” International Journal of African Historical Studies, 37(1): 71–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Polsgrove, C. 2009. Ending British Rule in Africa: Writers in a Common Cause. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raju, R. K. 1982. Why Africa? New York: Vantage Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanger, C. 1995. Malcolm MacDonald: Bringing an End to Empire. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. 2013. “Mau Mau Claims Settlement.” Hansard, June 6, column 1692. In http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmhansrd/

  • Sorrenson, M. P. K. 1967. Land Reform in the Kikuyu Country: A Study in Government Policy. London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • St Clair Drake, J. G. 1987. “Mbiyu Koinange and the Pan-African Movement.” In R. A. Hill (ed.), Pan-African Biography. Los Angeles: University of California, African Studies Center, pp. 161–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamarkin, M. 1978. “The Roots of Political Stability in Kenya.” African Affairs, 77(308): 297–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiong’o, N. 1981. Detained: A Writer’s Prison Diary. London: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • wa Wanjau, G. 1988. Mau Mau Author in Detention. Nairobi: Heinemann Kenya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wambaa, R. and K. King. 1976. “The Political Economy of the Rift Valley.” In B. A. Ogot (ed.), Economic and Social History of East Africa. Nairobi: Kenya Literature Bureau, pp. 198–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasserman, G. 1976. Politics of Decolonization: Kenya Europeans and the Land Issue. 1960–1965. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Ebenezer Obadare Wale Adebanwi

Copyright information

© 2016 Warris Vianni

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vianni, W. (2016). Jomo Kenyatta: War, Land, and Politics in Kenya. In: Obadare, E., Adebanwi, W. (eds) Governance and the Crisis of Rule in Contemporary Africa. African Histories and Modernities. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56686-7_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics