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Promises of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Delivery of Dimethyl Fumarate to Multiple Sclerosis Brain

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Neuroprotection

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2761))

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) infecting 2.5 million people worldwide. It is the most common nontraumatic neurological impairment in young adults. The blood–brain barrier rupture for multiple sclerosis pathogenesis has two effects: first, during the onset of the immunological attack, and second, for the CNS self-sustained “inside–out” demyelination and neurodegeneration processes. In addition to genetic variations, environmental and lifestyle variables can also significantly increase the risk of developing MS. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators that may pass the blood–brain barrier and have positive direct effects in the CNS with quite diverse mechanisms of action raise the possibility that a combination therapy could be successful in treating MS. Lipid nanocarriers are recognized as one of the best drug delivery techniques to the brain for effective brain delivery. Numerous scientific studies have shown that lipid nanoparticles can enhance the lipid solubility, oral bioavailability, and brain availability of the drugs. Nanolipidic carriers for DMF delivery could be derived through vitamin D, tocopherol acetate, stearic acid, quercetin, cell-mimicking platelet-based, and chitosan–alginate core–shell–corona-shaped nanoparticles. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of MS can be performed mainly through magnetic resonance imaging. The advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the clinicians to cross the blood–brain barrier and to target the brain and central nervous system of the patient with multiple sclerosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Sreya Subhash, Nishtha Chaurawal & Kaisar Raza

Authors
  1. Sreya Subhash
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  2. Nishtha Chaurawal
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  3. Kaisar Raza
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kaisar Raza .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA

    Swapan K. Ray

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Subhash, S., Chaurawal, N., Raza, K. (2024). Promises of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Delivery of Dimethyl Fumarate to Multiple Sclerosis Brain. In: Ray, S.K. (eds) Neuroprotection. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2761. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_31

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3661-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3662-6

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