Abstract
Measuring D-dimer is commonly used as a surrogate to indicate a clot-forming process, with subsequent lysis. This test has two primary intended uses: (1) as aid to diagnosis of various conditions and (2) venous thromboembolism (VTE) exclusion. If the manufacturer cites a VTE exclusion claim, the D-dimer test must only be used in evaluating patients with a non-high or unlikely pretest probability for pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. D-dimer kits with only aid to diagnosis claim should not be used for VTE exclusion. The intended use of the D-dimer may vary by region, and readership should consult manufacturer instructions for use to assure proper use of the assay. In this chapter, several methods for measuring D-dimer will be described.
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Abbreviations
- 4PLC:
-
four-parameter logistic curve
- CI:
-
confidence interval
- CLIA:
-
chemiluminescent immunoassay
- CLSI:
-
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
- CV:
-
coefficient of variation
- DDi:
-
D-dimer
- DEA:
-
diethanolamine
- DIC:
-
disseminated intravascular coagulation
- DVT:
-
deep vein thrombosis
- EDTA:
-
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- ELFA:
-
enzyme-linked immunosorbent fluorescent assay
- ELISA:
-
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FbDP:
-
fibrin degradation products
- FDP:
-
fibrin(ogen) degradation products
- FEU:
-
fibrinogen equivalent unit
- HAMA:
-
human anti-mouse antibodies
- HCV:
-
hepatitis C virus
- HIV:
-
human immunodeficiency virus
- ID:
-
identification
- IFU:
-
instructions for use
- IU:
-
international units
- LIA:
-
latex immunoassay
- MLE:
-
Master Lot Entry
- NPV:
-
negative predictive value
- PC:
-
control line or control zone
- PE:
-
pulmonary embolism
- POC:
-
point of care
- PPP:
-
platelet-poor plasma
- PTP:
-
pretest probability
- RFV:
-
relative fluorescence value
- RLUs:
-
relative light units
- SPR:
-
Solid Phase Receptacle
- T:
-
test line or test zone
- TMB:
-
tetramethylbenzidine
- VTE:
-
venous thromboembolism
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Gosselin, R.C. (2023). Protocols for D-Dimer Measurements for Aid to Diagnosis or Exclusion of Venous Thromboembolism. In: Favaloro, E.J., Gosselin, R.C. (eds) Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2663. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_8
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