Abstract
Chromaffin cells are neuroendocrine cells that synthesize and release catecholamines and neuroactive molecules. They have been used experimentally in animal models and preclinical studies as a source for cell replacement therapy in Parkinson’s disease. The long-term cell survival of these cells in the nervous system is limited, and the observed motor improvements are highly variable. An alternative source for transplantation is chromaffin progenitor cells. These cells have the capacity of self-renewal and to form spheres under low attachment conditions. They release higher quantities of dopamine than chromaffin cells and can differentiate into dopaminergic-like neurons in vitro. The transplantation of these cells into Parkinson’s disease animal models has shown to induce stronger motor improvements and better survival rates than chromaffin cells. However, several aspects of chromaffin progenitor cell transplantation remain to be elucidated. Here, we describe methods to isolate and culture chromaffin and chromaffin progenitor cells from the adult cattle adrenal glands. We also describe the procedure for their transplantation into the nervous system and give recommendations for their histological analysis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Huber K (2006) The sympathoadrenal cell lineage: specification, diversification, and new perspectives. Dev Biol 298(2):335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.07.010
Boronat-García A, Palomero-Rivero M, Guerra-Crespo M et al (2016) Intrastriatal grafting of chromospheres: survival and functional effects in the 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One 11(8):e0160854. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160854
Winnie AP, Pappas GD, Das Gupta TK et al (1993) Subarachnoid adrenal medullary transplants for terminal cancer pain. A report of preliminary studies. Anesthesiology 79(4):644–653. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199310000-00004
Jeon Y, Baek WY, Chung SH et al (2011) Cultured human chromaffin cells grafted in spinal subarachnoid space relieves allodynia in a pain rat model. Korean J Anesthesiol 60(5):357–361. https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2011.60.5.357
Ambriz-Tututi M, Sanchez-Gonzalez V, Drucker-Colin R (2011) Chromaffin cell transplant in spinal cord reduces secondary allodynia induced by formalin in the rat. Role of opioid receptors and α2-adrenoreceptors. Eur J Pharmacol 668(1–2):147–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.06.030
Chung K-F, Sicard F, Vukicevic V et al (2009) Isolation of neural crest derived chromaffin progenitors from adult adrenal medulla. Stem Cells 27(10):2602–2613. https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.180
Saxena S, Wahl J, Huber-Lang MS et al (2013) Generation of murine sympathoadrenergic progenitor-like cells from embryonic stem cells and postnatal adrenal glands. PLoS One 8(5):e64454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064454
Santana MM, Chung K-F, Vukicevic V et al (2012) Isolation, characterization, and differentiation of progenitor cells from human adult adrenal medulla. Stem Cells Transl Med 1(11):783–791. https://doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0022
Vukicevic V, Schmid J, Hermann A et al (2012) Differentiation of chromaffin progenitor cells to dopaminergic neurons. Cell Transplant 21(11):2471–2486. https://doi.org/10.3727/096368912X638874
Gomez-Paz A, Drucker-Colin R, Milan-Aldaco D et al (2018) Intrastriatal chromospheres’ transplant reduces nociception in hemiparkinsonian rats. Neuroscience 387:123–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.052
Barker R, Parmar M, Studer L et al (2017) Human trials of stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for Parkinson’s disease: dawn of a new era. Cell Stem Cell 21(5):569–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2017.09.014
Doi D, Magotani H, Kikuchi T et al (2020) Pre-clinical study of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor cells for Parkinson’s disease. Nat Commun 11:3369. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17165-w
JoVE Science Education Database (2021) Neuroscience. Rodent stereotaxic surgery. JoVE, Cambridge, MA. https://www.jove.com/es/v/5205/rodent-stereotaxic-surgery. Accessed 6 Jun 2021
Paxinos G, Watson C (2013) The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. Academic Press, London
Gage GJ, Kipke DR, Shain W (2012) Whole animal perfusion fixation for rodents. J Vis Exp 65:3564. https://doi.org/10.3791/3564
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by IN211419 DGAPA-PAPIIT and CONACYT No. A1-S-10064. We are grateful to Francisco Pérez Eugenio and Omar Collazo Navarrete for their critical comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Boronat-Garcia, A., Palomero-Rivero, M., Guerra-Crespo, M. (2023). Adrenal Grafts in the Central Nervous System: Chromaffin and Chromaffin Progenitor Cell Transplantation. In: Borges, R. (eds) Chromaffin Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2565. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2671-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2671-9_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2670-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2671-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols