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Pseudogenes as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Human Cancers

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Pseudogenes

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2324))

Abstract

Pseudogenes are commonly labeled as “junk DNA” given their perceived nonfunctional status. However, the advent of large-scale genomics projects prompted a revisit of pseudogene biology, highlighting their key functional and regulatory roles in numerous diseases, including cancers. Integrative analyses of cancer data have shown that pseudogenes can be transcribed and even translated, and that pseudogenic DNA, RNA, and proteins can interfere with the activity and function of key protein coding genes, acting as regulators of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Capitalizing on the available clinical research, we are able to get an insight into the spread and variety of pseudogene biomarker and therapeutic potential. In this chapter, we describe pseudogenes that fulfill their role as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, both as unique elements and in collaboration with other genes or pseudogenes. We also report that the majority of prognostic pseudogenes are overexpressed and exert an oncogenic role in colorectal, liver, lung, and gastric cancers. Finally, we highlight a number of pseudogenes that can establish future therapeutic avenues.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, College of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK

    Cristina Sisu

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  1. Cristina Sisu
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Correspondence to Cristina Sisu .

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  1. Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, ISPRO, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa, Italy

    Laura Poliseno

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Sisu, C. (2021). Pseudogenes as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Human Cancers. In: Poliseno, L. (eds) Pseudogenes. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2324. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1503-4_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1503-4_20

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