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Magnetic Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems to Penetrate the Blood-Brain Barrier

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Nanomedicines for Brain Drug Delivery

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 157))

Abstract

Crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for effective treatment of brain disorders. Due to their physical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) show promise as carriers of therapeutics or as a therapeutic system in themselves. The use of SPIONs as a therapeutic system with the capacity to penetrate the BBB is based on three different strategies: (a) SPIONs are encapsulated in a therapeutic nanoscale system thought to cross the BBB. The presence of SPIONs inside the brain is easily detectable by techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confirming entry of the nanoscale system into the brain; (b) movement of the SPION-encapsulated load toward the site of action is assisted by the action of an external magnetic field; and (c) SPIONs generate moderate or high heat after applying radiofrequency or microwave radiation; this heat can either locally open the BBB or kill the cancerous cells.

This review summarizes the advances that have been made when SPIONs have been applied in some diseases involving the brain, such as neurodegenerative diseases, gliomas, and neuro-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

    Joan Estelrich & Maria Antònia Busquets

  2. Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IN2UB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

    Joan Estelrich & Maria Antònia Busquets

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  1. Joan Estelrich
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  2. Maria Antònia Busquets
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Correspondence to Joan Estelrich .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Javier O. Morales

  2. 2-BBB Medicines BV, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Pieter J. Gaillard

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Estelrich, J., Busquets, M.A. (2021). Magnetic Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems to Penetrate the Blood-Brain Barrier. In: Morales, J.O., Gaillard, P.J. (eds) Nanomedicines for Brain Drug Delivery. Neuromethods, vol 157. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0838-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0838-8_7

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